What is 2-Picolyl Chloride Hydrochloride?
2-Picolyl Chloride Hydrochloride is an organic chemical compound used primarily as a building block in organic synthesis. It is the hydrochloride salt form of 2-picolyl chloride, which is derived from picoline (methylpyridine).
Chemical Structure and Properties
Chemical Formula: C6H7ClN•HCl
Molecular Weight: Approximately 164.54 g/mol
Structure: The compound consists of a pyridine ring (a six-membered aromatic ring with one nitrogen atom) with a methyl group (–CH2Cl) attached to the second position (2-picolyl), along with a hydrochloride group (HCl).
Appearance: Typically appears as a white to off-white crystalline solid.
Solubility: Soluble in water and organic solvents such as alcohols and acetone.
Stability: Stable under standard conditions, but it should be kept away from moisture and strong bases, which could cause hydrolysis.
Applications of 2-Picolyl Chloride Hydrochloride
1. Organic Synthesis
Application: Used as a key intermediate in the synthesis of various organic compounds, including pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, and dyes.
Benefits: The presence of the reactive chloride group allows it to easily participate in substitution reactions, making it useful for introducing picolyl groups into larger molecules.
2. Pharmaceutical Industry
Application: Used in the synthesis of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) and intermediates.
Benefits: The picolyl group is a common structural motif in many pharmaceutical compounds, including those with antibacterial, antiviral, and anticancer properties.
3. Ligand Synthesis
Application: Employed in the synthesis of ligands for coordination chemistry, which are used in catalysis and material science.
Benefits: The nitrogen atom in the picolyl group can coordinate with metals, forming stable complexes that are useful in catalysis and other chemical processes.
4. Agrochemicals
Application: Used in the development of agrochemicals, including herbicides, insecticides, and fungicides.
Benefits: The reactivity of the chloride group makes it a valuable intermediate for the synthesis of compounds that target specific biological pathways in pests or plants.
Safety and Handling
Toxicity: 2-Picolyl chloride hydrochloride can be toxic if ingested, inhaled, or absorbed through the skin. It is also corrosive and can cause burns on contact with skin or eyes. Proper PPE, such as gloves and goggles, should be used when handling this compound.
Environmental Impact: Care should be taken to prevent release into the environment, as it could be harmful to aquatic life. It should be disposed of in accordance with local regulations.
Summary
2-Picolyl Chloride Hydrochloride is a versatile chemical intermediate used in organic synthesis, particularly in the pharmaceutical, agrochemical, and material science industries. Its reactive chloride group and pyridine ring structure make it useful for introducing picolyl groups into a variety of molecules. While it offers significant benefits in chemical synthesis, it must be handled with care due to its toxic and corrosive properties.
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