Carboxymethyl-beta-Cyclodextrin NEW

Carboxymethyl-beta-Cyclodextrin Cas 218269-34-2

Specification

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Carboxymethyl Beta Cyclodextrin (CM-β-CD) is a modified, water-soluble version of a naturally derived molecule called beta-cyclodextrin. It is widely used in pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, and food science to improve the solubility, stability, and bioavailability of poorly soluble compounds.

Detailed Explanation

1. The Base Molecule: Beta-Cyclodextrin (β-CD)

• Structure: Beta-Cyclodextrin is a cyclic oligosaccharide (a ring-shaped sugar molecule) made of seven glucose units. Its key feature is a hydrophobic (water-repelling) inner cavity and a hydrophilic (water-attracting) outer surface.

  Function: This structure allows it to act as a "host" molecule by forming inclusion complexes. It can encapsulate poorly soluble "guest" molecules (like drugs or flavors) inside its cavity, effectively shielding them from the aqueous environment.

  Limitation: Native beta-cyclodextrin itself has relatively low water solubility and can be nephrotoxic (toxic to the kidneys) at higher doses.

2. The Modification: Carboxymethylation

To overcome these limitations, beta-cyclodextrin is chemically modified.

• Process: Carboxymethyl groups (-CH₂-COOH) are attached to the hydroxyl (OH) groups on the outer rim of the cyclodextrin ring.

  Resulting Benefits:

• Greatly Enhanced Solubility: The introduction of the charged carboxymethyl groups makes CM-β-CD highly soluble in water, even over a wide pH range.

  Reduced Toxicity: It is generally better tolerated and less toxic than the parent beta-cyclodextrin.

  Retained Complexation Ability: It maintains the crucial ability to form inclusion complexes with hydrophobic molecules.

Primary Applications

CM-β-CD's main role is as a multi-functional solubilizing and stabilizing agent.

1. Pharmaceuticals (Drug Formulation): This is its most important application. It is used to:

• Increase Solubility and Dissolution Rate: It allows poorly water-soluble drugs to be dissolved effectively, which is essential for them to be absorbed by the body.

  Improve Bioavailability: By increasing solubility, it enhances the amount of drug that reaches the bloodstream.

  Enhance Stability: It protects sensitive drugs from degradation by light, oxidation, or hydrolysis.

  Mask Taste/Odor: It can encapsulate compounds with unpleasant tastes or smells.

2. Other Industries:

• Cosmetics: Used to stabilize active ingredients in creams and lotions.

  Food Science: Can be used to protect flavors, colors, or nutrients.

  Analytical Chemistry: Used in techniques like capillary electrophoresis to separate complex mixtures.

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