Items | Specifications | Results |
Appearance | Fine powder in white, grayish white or light yellow, yellowish brown color, with a slight fermented odor, no off-taste, and slight lumps are allowed | Off-white fine powder with a slight fermented smell and no off-flavor |
Papain(U/g) | ≥100000 | 102256 |
Water(%) | ≤8.0 | 4.8 |
Fineness(The pass rate of the 40-target standard screening)% | ≥80 | 98 |
Lead(Pb)(mg/kg) | ≤2.0 | not detected |
Arsenic(As)(mg/kg) | ≤2.0 | not detected |
total plate count(CFU/g) | ≤5.0*104 | 2.0*102 |
E.Coli(CFU/g) | not detected | ＜10 |
Salmonella 25g | not detected | not detected |
Conclusion | The above result complies with the standard. |
Papain is a powerful digestive enzyme found in the latex, leaves, and fruit of the papaya plant (Carica papaya). It is part of a family of enzymes known as proteases, which means it breaks down proteins into smaller fragments called peptides and amino acids.
The papaya tree produces this enzyme as a natural defense mechanism against insects. The highest concentration is found in the raw, unripe fruit and its latex.
How is Papain Used?
Due to its powerful protein-digesting ability, papain has a wide range of applications in food, medicine, and industry.
1. Culinary Uses
Meat Tenderizer: This is the most common culinary use. Papain breaks down the tough collagen and muscle fibers in meat, making it more tender. You can find it as a key ingredient in commercial meat tenderizers or by using the juice of raw papaya directly in marinades.
Clarifying Beer (Brewing): In some brewing processes, papain is used to remove the cloudiness (haze) caused by proteins. This results in a clearer, brighter beer. This process is called "chill-proofing."
2. Medicinal and Dietary Supplement Uses
Digestive Aid: Papain supplements are commonly taken to aid digestion, especially for people who have difficulty digesting proteins. It can help alleviate symptoms like bloating, gas, and indigestion.
Anti-Inflammatory Agent: It is often used in topical treatments for reducing inflammation, swelling, and pain associated with conditions like sore throat, insect bites, and sports injuries. A well-known product for this is Papain-Urea Ointment.
Wound Debridement: In medical settings, specially prepared papain is used to remove dead tissue from wounds, ulcers, and burns. This process, called debridement, helps clean the wound and promotes the growth of new, healthy tissue.
Sore Throat and Mouth Ulcers: Some lozenges and mouthwashes contain papain for its ability to break down mucus and dead tissue, providing relief.
3. Industrial and Cosmetic Uses
Contact Lens Cleaner: It was historically used in enzymatic cleaners to break down protein deposits that accumulate on contact lenses. (Modern solutions often use different enzymes).
Skin Care Products: Papain is a popular ingredient in exfoliating facial masks, peels, and lotions. As a gentle exfoliant, it helps dissolve and remove dead skin cells, revealing smoother, brighter skin. It is considered a "chemical exfoliant" similar to alpha-hydroxy acids (AHAs).
Textile and Tanning Industry: It is used to soften leather and to treat wool to prevent shrinkage.
Key Points to Remember
Allergies: Some people can be allergic to papain, experiencing reactions ranging from mild skin irritation to more severe symptoms.
Source: It is derived from the raw papaya fruit. Cooking destroys the enzyme, which is why only raw, unripe papaya is used for tenderizing.
Effectiveness: Its effectiveness depends on factors like temperature and pH. It works best at warm temperatures (not boiling) and in a slightly acidic to neutral environment.
Summary
| Category | Primary Use | How it Works |
|---|
| Culinary | Meat Tenderizer, Beer Clarifier | Breaks down proteins in meat and beverages. |
| Medicinal | Digestive Aid, Anti-inflammatory, Wound Care | Helps digest proteins, reduces swelling, removes dead tissue. |
| Cosmetic | Exfoliating Skincare | Gently dissolves dead skin cells on the surface. |
In short, papain is a versatile proteolytic enzyme from the papaya plant, primarily used to break down proteins in food digestion, meat tenderizing, wound healing, and skin care.
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