Metformin hydrochloride is a kind of oral hypoglycemic drug of biguanides, also known as metformin hydrochloride, gehuazhi and Medicon. Its hypoglycemic effect is weaker than that of phenformin. Its main function is to reduce the secretion of glucagon in a cells, promote the conversion of glucose into glycogen, and has the function of not stimulating islets β- The properties of cells secreting insulin. The mechanism of hypoglycemic action is as follows
1. Increase the sensitivity of surrounding tissues to insulin and increase insulin mediated glucose utilization
2. Increase the utilization of glucose in non insulin dependent tissues, such as brain, blood cells, renal medulla, intestine, skin, etc.
3. Inhibition of hepatic glycogenesis and reduction of hepatic glucose output.
4. Inhibition of glucose uptake by intestinal parietal cells.
5. Inhibit the biosynthesis and storage of cholesterol, reduce the levels of triglyceride and total cholesterol.
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