BIS-TRIS Cas 6976-37-0
Specification
Items | Specifications | Results |
Appearance | White to almost white powder | White powder |
Assay | 99.0-101.0 | 99.89% |
loss on drying | ≤1% | 0.24% |
Solubility(0.1M aqueous) | Colorless, clear | Colorless, clear |
PH(1% aqueous) | 9.5-11.0 | 9.63 |
Ultraviolet absorbance/340nm(0.1M aqueous) | ≤0.02 | 0.008 |
Ultraviolet absorbance/280nm(0.1M aqueous) | ≤0.04 | 0.01 |
Conclusion | The product conforms to the above specifications. |
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BIS-Tris (full name: 2-[Bis(2-hydroxyethyl)amino]-2-(hydroxymethyl)propane-1,3-diol) is a zwitterionic organic compound widely used as a biological buffer in biochemical and molecular biology research. It is not a medication, unlike Empagliflozin, but an essential laboratory reagent.
Key Chemical Property: It is a "Good's Buffer" — part of a series of buffers developed in the 1960s to provide stable pH in biological systems without interfering with biochemical processes.
Primary Uses and Applications
BIS-Tris is valued for its stability and minimal interference, making it ideal for sensitive biochemical techniques.
1. Gel Electrophoresis (Most Common Use)
Purpose: To separate proteins or nucleic acids by size.
Why BIS-Tris? It forms a stable pH gradient during electrophoresis, especially in polyacrylamide gels.
Key Application: It is the preferred buffer for pre-cast NuPAGE® gels (commercial gel systems) used in western blotting and protein analysis. It provides superior resolution and sharper bands compared to older buffer systems like Tris-Glycine.
2. Protein Purification & Crystallization
Purpose: To maintain a stable pH environment for proteins during purification steps (e.g., chromatography) or while growing protein crystals for X-ray crystallography.
Why BIS-Tris? It has low UV absorbance, doesn't chelate metal ions strongly, and is less likely to interact with the protein of interest.
3. Cell Culture Media
Purpose: To help maintain a constant physiological pH (typically around 6.5-7.5) in cell culture media.
Why BIS-Tris? It is effective in the pH range relevant for many cell cultures and has low cell membrane permeability, meaning it stays outside the cell where it's needed.
4. General Laboratory Buffer
Key Advantages (Why Scientists Choose BIS-Tris)
Optimal pH Range: Effective pKa of ~6.5 at 25°C, making it perfect for many biological systems near physiological pH.
Minimal Interference: Low reactivity with metal ions, reducing the chance of inhibiting metal-dependent enzymes.
High Solubility: Highly soluble in water, allowing for the preparation of concentrated stock solutions.
Stability: Chemically stable, resistant to enzymatic degradation, and does not absorb visible or UV light significantly.
Isoelectric Focusing: Useful for creating immobilized pH gradients.
Comparison with Common Buffer "Tris"
It's crucial not to confuse BIS-Tris with the more common buffer Tris (tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane).
| Feature | BIS-Tris | Tris |
|---|
| pKa at 25°C | ~6.5 | ~8.1 |
| Best pH Range | 5.5 - 7.5 | 7.2 - 9.0 |
| Common Use | Protein electrophoresis (mid-pH), cell culture | Nucleic acid electrophoresis, general-purpose high-pH buffering |
| Key Strength | Superior for protein structure preservation in gels | Standard, inexpensive buffer for DNA/RNA work |
Safety and Handling
Form: Typically a white crystalline powder.
Safety: Generally considered low toxicity for laboratory use, but standard safety precautions (wearing gloves, eye protection, avoiding inhalation) should always be followed.
Preparation: Solutions are made by dissolving the powder in purified water (e.g., deionized water) and adjusting to the exact pH using HCl or NaOH.
In summary, BIS-Tris is a specialized, high-performance buffering agent that is a staple in modern biochemistry labs, particularly prized for its role in producing high-quality protein separation data.
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