Caesium chloride or cesium chloride, is the inorganic compound with the formula CsCl. This colorless solid is an important source of caesium ions in a variety of niche applications. Its crystal structure forms a major structural type where each caesium ion is coordinated by 8 chlorine ions. Caesium chloride dissolves in water. Caesium chloride occurs naturally as impurities in carnallite (up to 0.002%), sylvite and kainite. Less than 20 tonnes of CsCl is produced annually worldwide, mostly from a caesium-bearing mineral pollucite. Caesium chloride is widely used in isopycnic centrifugation for separating various types of DNA. It is a reagent in analytical chemistry, where it is used to identify ions by the color and morphology of the precipitate. When enriched in radioisotopes, such as 137CsCl or 131CsCl, caesium chloride is used in nuclear medicine applications such as treatment of cancer and diagnosis of myocardial infarction. Another form of cancer treatment was studied using conventional non-radioactive CsCl. Whereas conventional caesium chloride has a rather low toxicity to humans and animals, the radioactive form easily contaminates the environment due to the high solubility of CsCl in water. Spread of 137CsCl powder from a 93-gram container in 1987 in Goiânia, Brazil, resulted in one of the worst-ever radiation spill accidents killing four and directly affecting more than 100,000 people.
Basic Info
Chemical Name
caesium chloride
Synonyms
cesium,chloride;Cesium chloride;
CAS No.
7647-17-8
Molecular Formula
ClCs
Molecular Weight
168.35800
PSA
0.00000
LogP
-2.99600
Properties
Appearance & Physical State
White/clear cryst. powder
Density
3.983
Boiling Point
1290ºC
Melting Point
646ºC
Flash Point
1303ºC
Refractive Index
1.6418
Water Solubility
1860 g/L (20 ºC)
Stability
Stable. Deliquescent. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents, strong acids. Protect from moisture.
Carbomer series 940 980 2020 U21 941 934 and so on.
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