Ionomycin is a calcium ionophore originally isolated from S. conglobatus. It induces intracellular calcium mobilization in X. laevis oocytes when used at a concentration of 5 μM. Ionomycin (5 μM) induces the formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) in isolated human neutrophils. Ionomycin in combination with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA; ) has commonly been used to induce the proliferation and activation of T cells, as well as to stimulate cytokine production in macrophages, in vitro.
Ionomycin calcium salt is used as a polyether antibiotic and apoptotic degeneration inducer. Ionomycin induces apoptotic degeneration of embryonic cortical neurons and cell cycle arrest at G1 phase. It is more effective than A23187 (sc-3591) and provides a useful tool for increasing intracellular Ca2+ concentration.
Ionomycin is more effectivethan A23187 as a Ca++ionophore;
Ionomycin is used in research on Ca++ transport across biological membranes;
Ionomycin induces apoptotic degeneration of embryonic cortical neurons.
Useful in cell activation experiments when calcium dose-response data are not required. Also available as a 10 mM solution in DMSO (Cat. No.
407953).
Calcium ionophore; more specific than A23187 (5-(Methylamino)-2-[[2R,3R,6S,8S,9R,11R)-3,9,11-trimethyl-8-[(1S)-1-methyl-2-oxo-2-(1H-pyrrol-2-yl)-ethyl]-1,7-dioxaspiro[5.5]undec-2-yl]methyl]-4-benzoxazolecarboxylic acid ).
Product does not compete with ATP.
Ionomycin is a potent and selective calcium ionophore agent. The molecule acts as a motile Ca2+ carrier and enhances Ca2+ influx by direct stimulation of store-regulated cation entry across biological membranes. At the micromolar level, ionomycin can activate Ca2+/Calmodulin dependent kinase and phosphatase to stimulate gene expression. In human T cells, ionomycin induces hydrolysis of phosphoinositides and activates PKC to mediate T cell activation. Ionomycin treatment of human B cells induces the activation of calcium-dependent endonuclease and results in apoptosis. Ionomycin treatment of bovine aortic endothelial cells induces rapid dephosphorylation of eNOS at Thr495 and mediates eNOS activation.
[1] W C LIU. Ionomycin, a new polyether antibiotic.[J]. Journal of Antibiotics, 1978, 31 9: 815-819. DOI:
10.7164/antibiotics.31.815[2] C LIU T E H. Characterization of ionomycin as a calcium ionophore.[J]. The Journal of Biological Chemistry, 1978, 253 17: 5892-5894.
