TAMM HORSFALL GLYCOPROTEIN, HUMAN NORMAL URINE

Tamm-Horsfall Glycoprotein has been used in luciferase activity assay of immortalized proximal tubular cells and human primary proximal tubular epithelial cells. It has also been used as a standard for calibration of uromodulin in urine samples.

Tamm-Horsfall glycoprotein (THGP) may play a role in antibacterial host defense, inflammatory kidney disease, and the urogenital tract. It exhibits protective effects against kidney stone formation by reducing the calcium oxalate precipitation. Mutations in the THGP gene lead to familial juvenile hyperuricemic nephropathy (FJHN), glomerulocystic kidney disease (GCKD), and medullary cystic kidney disease type 2 (MCKD-2).Tamm-Horsfall Protein (THP) mediates the formation of mucous co at of the bladder, thereby regulating the permeability of the ascending loop of Henle. THP is known to adhere to Escherichia coli strains with type 131 and type S32 fimbriae, thereby blocking their interaction with the uroepithelium. Additionally, THP activates cells by directly signaling through Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4). It has been demonstrated th at THP stimulates the production of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and tissue factor in monocytes through TLR4.