transparent to off-white flakes
Diaza-15-crown-5 extends the lifetime of M intermediates in BR membranes. Diaza-15-crown-5 is a crown ether compound that alters the surface charge of BR membranes. Diaza-15-crown-5 changes the surface charge of the BR film. and overall membrane stability. Diaza-15-crown-5 allows the M state to be maintained for a longer period of time[1].
[1] Liang, B.et al.. Prolonged lifetime of the M intermediate in D96N-mutant bacteriorhodopsin films enhanced by diaza-15-crown-5. New Journal of Chemistry, 26(8), 1049–1053.