N,N'-bis(2-methylphenyl)benzene-1,4-diamine

N,N'-Di-o-tolyl-p-phenylenediamine is a diphenylamine antioxidant that could be found in wastewater. N,N'-Di-o-tolyl-p-phenylenediamine accumulates in aquatic organisms, exhibits bioaccumulating potential, may have long-term effects on aquatic ecosystems[1].

[1] Zhang ZF, et al., Diphenylamine Antioxidants in wastewater influent, effluent, biosolids and landfill leachate: Contribution to environmental releases. Water Res. 2021 Feb 1;189:116602. DOI:10.1016/j.watres.2020.116602
[2] JIANQIANG ZHU. Occurrence of p-phenylenediamine antioxidants (PPDs) and PPDs-derived quinones in indoor dust.[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2024, 912: 169325. DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169325
[3] WEI WANG, ZONGWEI CAI*; Beyond Substituted p-Phenylenediamine Antioxidants: Prevalence of Their Quinone Derivatives in PM2.5[J]. Environmental Science and Technology, 2022, 56 15: 10629-10637. DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c02463