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Resolvin D1-d₅ (RvD1-d₅) is intended for use as an internal standard for the quantification of RvD1 by GC- or LC-mass spectrometry. Resolvins are a family of potent lipid mediators derived from both eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA; ) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA; ). In addition to being anti-inflammatory, resolvins promote the resolution of the inflammatory response back to a non-inflamed state. RvD1 is produced physiologically from the sequential oxygenation of DHA by 15- and 5-lipoxygenase. A 17(R)-epimer of RvD1 can also be generated in aspirin-treated samples. Both RvD1 and its 17(R) configuration reduce human polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMNL) transendothelial migration, the earliest event in acute inflammation, with EC₅₀ values of ~30 nM. RvD1 and its aspirin-triggered form also exhibit a dose-dependent reduction in leukocyte infiltration in a mouse model of peritonitis with a maximal inhibition of ~35% at a 10-100 ng dose.

Resolvin D1-d5 is the deuterium labeled Resolvin D1. Resolvin D1 (RvD1), an endogenous pro-resolving mediator of inflammation, is derived from omega-3 docosahexaenoic acid during the resolution phase of acute inflammation. Resolvin D1 blocks proinflammatory neutrophil migration by regulating actin polymerization, reduces TNF-α-mediated inflammation in macrophages, and enhances phagocytosis of apoptotic cells by macrophages[1][2].

[1] Russak EM, et al. Impact of Deuterium Substitution on the Pharmacokinetics of Pharmaceuticals. Ann Pharmacother. 2019;53(2):211-216. DOI:10.1177/1060028018797110
[2] Schmid M, et al. Resolvin D1 Polarizes Primary Human Macrophages toward a Proresolution Phenotype through GPR32. J Immunol. 2016 Apr 15;196(8):3429-37. DOI:10.4049/jimmunol.1501701
[3] Gao Y, et al. Resolvin D1 Improves the Resolution of Inflammation via Activating NF-κB p50/p50-Mediated Cyclooxygenase-2 Expression in Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome. J Immunol. 2017 Aug 9. pii: ji1700315. DOI:10.4049/jimmunol.1700315
[4] Benabdoun HA, et al. In vitro and in vivo assessment of the proresolutive and antiresorptive actions of resolvin D1: relevance to arthritis. Arthritis Res Ther. 2019 Mar 12;21(1):72. DOI:10.1186/s13075-019-1852-8