Adenylosuccinic Acid (ammonium salt)

Adenylosuccinic acid is a purine nucleotide and an intermediate in the purine nucleotide cycle.1 It is converted into AMP (Item No. 21094) and fumarate by adenylosuccinate lyase (ADSL) in the cytosol. Adenylosuccinic acid (10 µM) inhibits calcium-induced activation of non-selective cation channels in isolated rat brown adipocytes in a patch-clamp assay.2 It induces contractions in isolated guinea pig uterus strips, which express adenosine receptors, when used at a concentration of 100 µM.3 Adenylosuccinic acid (10 µM) increases glucose-induced insulin exocytosis in INS-1 832/13 insulinoma cells.4 In vivo, adenylosuccinic acid (3,000 µg/ml in the drinking water) decreases muscle damage and pseudohypertrophy in a dystrophin-deficient mdx mouse model of Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD).5 Urine levels of adenylosuccinic acid are increased in patients with ADSL deficiency, an inborn error of metabolism characterized by various neurological symptoms, including intellectual disability and seizures, as well as respiratory failure.6WARNING This product is not for human or veterinary use.

[1] WAARDE A V. OPERATION OF THE PURINE NUCLEOTIDE CYCLE IN ANIMAL TISSUES[J]. Biological Reviews, 1988, 63 2: 259-298. DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-185x.1988.tb00632.x
[2] HALONEN J, NEDERGAARD J. Adenosine 5-Monophosphate Is a Selective Inhibitor of the Brown Adipocyte Nonselective Cation Channel[J]. The Journal of Membrane Biology, 2002, 14 1: 0. DOI: 10.1007/s00232-001-0184-0
[3] Y. NISHIDA  T. M. Contractile effect of succinylpurines on guinea pig uterus[J]. General Pharmacology-the Vascular System, 1988, 19 2: Pages 277-279. DOI: 10.1016/0306-3623(88)90076-6
[4] JESSICA R GOODING. Adenylosuccinate Is an Insulin Secretagogue Derived from Glucose-Induced Purine Metabolism.[J]. Cell reports, 2015, 13 1: 157-167. DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2015.08.072
[5] CARA A TIMPANI. Adenylosuccinic acid therapy ameliorates murine Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy.[J]. Scientific Reports, 2020: 1125. DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-57610-w
[6] XUETING JIN. Macrophages Shed Excess Cholesterol in Unique Extracellular Structures Containing Cholesterol Microdomains.[J]. Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology, 2018, 38 7: 1504-1518. DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.118.311269