IFN-γ (interferon γ)-human has been used for the generation of inflammatory M1 cells from human monocytic cell line, THP1.
IFN-γ (interferon γ) is an acid-labile glycosylated interferon produced by CD4 and CD8 T lymphocytes as well as activated NK (natural killer) cells. IFN-γ receptors are present in most immune cells, which respond to IFN-γ signaling by increasing the surface expression of class I MHC (major histocompatibility complex) proteins. This promotes the presentation of antigen to T-helper (CD4+) cells. The gene is mapped to human chromosome 12q15. Human IFN-γ is species-specific and is biologically active only in human and primate cells. Recombinant human IFN-γ is a 16.7kDa protein containing 143 amino acid residues.
IFN-γ (interferon γ) signaling in antigen-presenting cells and antigen-recognizing B and T lymphocytes regulate the antigen-specific phases of the immune response. It can suppress the generation of anti-inflammatory cytokines and enhance the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines. Additionally, IFN-γ stimulates a number of lymphoid cell functions including the anti-microbial and anti-tumor responses of macrophages, NK (natural killer) cells and neutrophils. It is responsible for tumor rejection and is capable of killing tumor cells by autophagy or apoptosis. IFN-γ is also involved in Hepatitis E virus disease pathogenesis.
