EPITHELIAL NEUTROPHIL ACTIVATING PEPTIDE-78

ENA-78 (epithelial cell-derived neutrophil activating peptide-78) is a CXC chemokine that signals through the CXCR2 receptor. It is expressed in monocytes, platelets, endothelial cells, and mast cells. ENA-78 is a chemoattractant for neutrophils. The murine homolog of ENA-78 is called LIX. Three N-terminal truncated variants of human ENA-78; ENA 5-78, ENA 8-78, ENA 9-78, contain 74, 71, and 70 amino acid residues, respectively, possess increased biological activity. ENA-78 contains the four conserved cysteine residues present in CXC chemokines, and also contains the ‘ELR′ motif common to CXC chemokine that bind to the CXCR1 and CXCR2 receptors. Recombinant human ENA-78 is a 7.8 kDa protein consisting of 71 amino acid residues. The ENA-78 gene is mapped to human chromosome 4q13.3.

The murine homolog of ENA-78 is called LIX. LIX is a CXC chemokine th at signals through the CXCR2 receptor. Recombinant murine LIX is a 7.6 kDa protein consisting of amino acid residues 9-78 of the full length LIX protein (70 amino acids).