Glycochenodeoxycholic Acid (sodium salt hydrate)

Glycochenodeoxycholic acid (GCDCA) is a glycine-conjugated form of the primary bile acid chenodeoxycholic acid (Item No. 10011286).1 It reduces formation of cholic acid (Item No. 20250) in primary human hepatocytes when used at a concentration of 100 µM.2 GCDCA (50, 75, and 100 µM) reduces the number of LC3 puncta, a marker of autophagy, and is cytotoxic to L-02 hepatocytes.1 GCDCA (50 µM) induces apoptosis in isolated rat hepatocytes, an effect that can be blocked by the protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitor chelerythrine (Item No. 11314).3 Fecal levels of GCDCA are decreased in a rat model of high-fat diet-induced obesity compared with rats fed a normal diet.4WARNING This product is not for human or veterinary use.

[1] WEIFENG LAN . Glycochenodeoxycholic acid impairs transcription factor E3 -dependent autophagy-lysosome machinery by disrupting reactive oxygen species homeostasis in L02 cells[J]. Toxicology letters, 2020, 331: Pages 11-21. DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2020.05.017
[2] EWA ELLIS 1. Feedback regulation of bile acid synthesis in primary human hepatocytes: Evidence that CDCA is the strongest inhibitor[J]. Hepatology, 2003, 38 4: Pages 930-938. DOI: 10.1053/jhep.2003.50394
[3] B GONZALEZ  B G R  C Fisher. Glycochenodeoxycholic acid (GCDC) induced hepatocyte apoptosis is associated with early modulation of intracellular PKC activity.[J]. Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, 2000, 207 1-2: 19-27. DOI: 10.1023/a:1007021710825
[4] HONG LIN. Alterations of Bile Acids and Gut Microbiota in Obesity Induced by High Fat Diet in Rat Model[J]. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2019, 67 13: 3624-3632. DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b00249