nalanthalide

Nalanthalide is a diterpenoid pyrone fungal metabolite that has been found in Nalanthamala and has potassium channel inhibitory and antiviral activities. It inhibits binding of the potassium channel inhibitor charybdotoxin to Jurkat cell membranes (IC₅₀ = 3 μM) and inhibits rubidium efflux from CHO cells expressing the voltage-gated potassium (K_v) channel K_v1.3 (IC₅₀ = 3.9 μM). Nalanthalide depolarizes T cells in vitro with an EC₅₀ value of 500 nM. It also inhibits HIV-1 integrase activity with IC₅₀ values of 10 and 25 μM in coupled and strand transfer assays, respectively.

Nalanthalide is a voltage-gated potassium channel Kv1.3 blocker (IC50=3.9 μM) and a potential immunosuppressant. Nalanthalide can be used for research on inflammatory immune diseases, such as neuroinflammation[1][2].

ChEBI: Nalanthalide is a pyranone diterpenoid isolated from Nalanthamala and Chaunopycnis alba and has been shown to be a blocker of the voltage-gated potassium channel Kv1.3 It has a role as a metabolite and a potassium channel blocker. It is a diterpenoid, an enol ether, an ortho-fused bicyclic hydrocarbon, an acetate ester, a member of 4-pyranones and a ketene acetal.

[1] Singh SB, et al. Candelalides A-C: novel diterpenoid pyrones from fermentations of Sesquicillium candelabrum as blockers of the voltage-gated potassium channel Kv1.3. Org Lett. 2001 Jan 25;3(2):247-50. DOI:10.1021/ol006891x
[2] Michael A Goetz, et al. Diterpenoid pyrones, novel blockers of the voltage-gated potassium channel Kv1.3 from fungal fermentations. Tetrahedron Lett. 2001Feb 12;42(7):1255-1257.