ACTH (1-17) (human, mouse, rat, porcine, bovine, ovine) (trifluoroacetate salt)

ACTH (1-17) is a peptide fragment of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH; Item No. 24257), a peptide hormone found in the brain that is involved in the biological stress response.1 It binds to melanocortin receptors (MCRs; Kis = 0.23, 14, 419, and 4,240 nM for MC1R, MC3R, MC4R, and MC5R, respectively).2 It is an agonist at MC1R, increasing adenylate cyclase activity with an EC50 value of 3.02 nM in HEK293 cells expressing MC1R.3 ACTH (1-17) (160 µg/kg, i.v.) increases mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) following bleeding-induced hypotension in a rat model of hemorrhagic shock 15-30 minutes after administration.4 It induces melanogenesis in a biphasic manner (EC50s = 0.0001 and 0.08 nM) and differentiation of melanocytes when used at concentrations ranging from 0.01 to 1,000 nM.3,5WARNING This product is not for human or veterinary use.

[1] F L STRAND. Non-corticotropic ACTH peptides modulate nerve development and regeneration.[J]. Reviews in the Neurosciences, 1993, 4 4: 321-363. DOI: 10.1515/revneuro.1993.4.4.321
[2] H B SCHIÖTH. The melanocortin 1, 3, 4 or 5 receptors do not have a binding epitope for ACTH beyond the sequence of alpha-MSH.[J]. Journal of Endocrinology, 1997, 155 1: 73-78. DOI: 10.1677/joe.0.1550073
[3] MARINA TSATMALIA. Skin POMC Peptides: Their Binding Affinities and Activation of the Human MC1 Receptor[J]. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 2006, 885 1: 466-469. DOI: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1999.tb08714.x
[4] ALFIO BERTOLINI. α-MSH and other ACTH fragments improve cardiovascular function and survival in experimental hemorrhagic shock[J]. European journal of pharmacology, 1986, 130 1: Pages 19-26. DOI: 10.1016/0014-2999(86)90179-2
[5] TOMOHISA HIROBE  Hiroyuki A. ACTH4–12 is the minimal message sequence required to induce the differentiation of mouse epidermal melanocytes in serum-free primary culture[J]. Journal of experimental zoology. Part A, Ecological and integrative physiology, 2000, 286 6: 632-640. DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1097-010x(20000501)286:6<632::aid-jez10>3.0.co;2-4