MMP13 (matrix metalloproteinase 13) functions against different types of ECM (extracellular matrix) components. It gets activated by and activates multiple MMPs and hence, has a central role in the MMP cascade. This protein is frequently expressed in colorectal cancer (CRC) and this expression is linked with poor survival in CRC. MMP13 expression is absent in normal breast tissue, but is present in breast carcinoma suggesting its role in tumorigenesis. The expression of this protein can serve as a marker for tumor invasiveness, as its expression is induced during metastasis of multiple types of cancers, including squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck and this expression is usually linked to poor prognosis. Missense mutation in this gene results in the autosomal dominant disorder called Missouri type of human spondyloepimetaphyseal dysplasia (SEMDMO), which is characterized by abnormal growth and modeling of vertebrae and long bones.
