Organic Chemistry

Piperazine compound refers to compound with its structure containing the piperazine structure. Such compound belongs to an important class of pharmaceutical intermediates and is mainly used for the production of anthelmintic piperazine phosphate, piperazine citrate and fluphenazine, bucinnazine and rifampicin. It can also be used for the production of surfactants products such as wetting agents, emulsifying agents and dispersing agents as well as the production of antioxidants, preservatives, stabilizers and other kinds of plastic processing aids and rubber additives.

Piperazine is also known as hexahydropyrazino and diethylene diamine. Piperazine precipitate from ethanol appears as white orthorhombic leaf-shaped crystals with a mild amine odor, salty taste and is hygroscopic. It has its relative density being 0.876, melting point of 106.6 ℃ and the boiling point of 146 ℃. It is easily soluble in water and glycerol, slightly soluble in ethanol and insoluble in ether. It exhibits strong alkalinity with the pH of its 10% aqueous solution being 10.8 to 11.8. It can absorb the carbon dioxide in the air and is irritating to eyes and skin. It can have typical secondary amine reaction. It can be made through the reaction between ethylene diamine and 1, 2-dichloroethane or obtained by the dimerization of amino-ethanol at high temperatures. Its inorganic acid and organic acid salts can be used as human and animal anthelmintics, being effective drugs to get rid of roundworm, pinworm and can also be used in organic synthesis.

Piperazine has a strong effect on roundworm and pinworm and can cause muscle relaxation paralysis of roundworm so that the roundworm can’t reverse the peristalsis movement and can be excreted. There is no excitement phenomenon before the parasite paralysis phenomenon, thereby it is safe. It can be applied to the treatment of incomplete intestinal obstruction caused by roundworm and can be used for treating biliary ascariasis as well as being used in patients with ulcer disease. The curing rate in general dose can be up to 70% to 80% without continuous medication for two days being able to further increases the curing rate. For the treatment of pinworm, the patients need to be subject to continuous medication for 7 to 10 days. The drug has a low toxicity with nausea, vomiting and urticaria occasionally happening upon the amount of treatment.

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