Chlorothricin is a macrolide-type antibiotic that inhibits pyruvate carboxylases from Bacillus, Azotobacter, rat, and chicken, preventing the conversion of pyruvate to oxaloacetate (Ki or IC50 = 173, 500, 260, and 120 μM, respectively). Chlorothricin also inhibits malate dehydrogenases MDH1 (cytoplasmic) and MDH2 (mitochondrial) from pig heart (IC50s = 1.3 and 0.065 mM, respectively), preventing the oxidation of malate to oxaloacetate.
