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Resolvin D1-d₅ (RvD1-d₅) is intended for use as an internal standard for the quantification of RvD1 by GC- or LC-mass spectrometry. Resolvins are a family of potent lipid mediators derived from both eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA; ) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA; ). In addition to being anti-inflammatory, resolvins promote the resolution of the inflammatory response back to a non-inflamed state. RvD1 is produced physiologically from the sequential oxygenation of DHA by 15- and 5-lipoxygenase. A 17(R)-epimer of RvD1 can also be generated in aspirin-treated samples. Both RvD1 and its 17(R) configuration reduce human polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMNL) transendothelial migration, the earliest event in acute inflammation, with EC₅₀ values of ~30 nM. RvD1 and its aspirin-triggered form also exhibit a dose-dependent reduction in leukocyte infiltration in a mouse model of peritonitis with a maximal inhibition of ~35% at a 10-100 ng dose.