Fludarabine

한글명:Fludarabine

카스 번호21679-14-1

상품명:Fludarabine

CBNumberCB8188247

분자식C10H12FN5O4

포뮬러 무게285.23

MOL 파일21679-14-1.mol

화학적 성질

녹는점	265-268°C
알파	D25 +17 ±2.5° (c = 0.1 in ethanol)
끓는 점	747.3±70.0 °C(Predicted)
밀도	2.17±0.1 g/cm3(Predicted)
저장 조건	2-8°C
용해도	DMF: 20mg/mL, 투명, 희미한 노란색
물리적 상태	가루
산도 계수 (pKa)	13.05±0.70(Predicted)
색상	흰색에서 연한 노란색
수용성	DMF, DMSO, 메탄올 또는 에탄올에 용해됩니다. 물에 거의 녹지 않음
Merck	13,4152
BRN	1225932
안정성	제공된 대로 구매일로부터 1년 동안 안정적입니다. DMSO 용액은 -20°C에서 최대 3개월 동안 보관할 수 있습니다.
CAS 데이터베이스	21679-14-1(CAS DataBase Reference)

위험 및 안전 성명

위험품 표기

위험 카페고리 넘버

23/24/25-36/37/38-39/23/24/25-39-22

안전지침서

26-36/37-45-36

WGK 독일

RTECS 번호

AU6207000

F 고인화성물질

HS 번호

29349990

유해 물질 데이터

21679-14-1(Hazardous Substances Data)

NFPA 704:

	0
3		0

그림문자(GHS)

Fludarabine MSDS

Fludarabine 화학적 특성, 용도, 생산

화학적 성질
White Solid
용도
Fludarabine is not one of the most used drugs in pediatric oncology area. It is used in combination with other drugs to treat AML in children, mostly those who are receiving second-line therapy. It is commonly sold as 10 mg film-coated tablets and IV vial containing 50mg.
Indications
Fludarabine (Fludara) is a fluorinated purine analogue of the antiviral agent vidarabine.The active metabolite, 2-fluoro-ara-adenosine triphosphate, inhibits various enzymes involved in DNA synthesis, including DNA polymerase-α, ribonucleotide reductase, and DNA primase. Unlike most antimetabolites, it is toxic to nonproliferating as well as dividing cells, primarily lymphocytes and lymphoid cancer cells.
The drug is highly active in the treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia, with approximately 40% of patients achieving remissions after previous therapy with alkylating agents has failed. Activity is also seen in the low-grade lymphomas.
The major side effect is myelosuppression, which contributes to fevers and infections in as many as half of treated patients. Nausea and vomiting are mild. Occasional neurotoxicity has been noted at higher doses, with agitation, confusion, and visual disturbances.
일반 설명
The drug is available as the phosphate salt in a 50-mg vialfor IV use. Fludarabine is used to treat chronic lymphocyticleukemia and non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma. The mechanism ofaction involves the triphosphate metabolite and its inhibitionof DNA chain elongation. The 2-fluoro group on the adeninering renders fludarabine resistant to breakdown byadenosine deaminase. The drug is rapidly dephosphorylatedto 2-fluoro-ara-adenosine (F-ara-A) after administration. Fara-A is taken into the cell and subsequently re-phosphorylatedto yield the triphosphate (F-ara-ATP), the active drugspecies. Resistance can occur via decreased expression ofthe activating enzymes and decreased drug transport.Fludarabine is orally bioavailable and is distributed throughoutthe body reaching high levels in liver, kidney, andspleen. The drug is metabolized to F-ara-A, which enterscells via the nucleoside transport system and is rephosphorylatedby deoxycytidine kinase to fludarabine monophosphateand finally fludarabine triphosphate, the activespecies. About 25% of F-ara-A is excreted unchanged inurine. Drug interactions include an increased incidence offatal pulmonary toxicity when fludarabine is used in combinationwith pentostatin. Additionally, fludarabine may potentiate the effects of several other anticancer drugs includingcytarabine, cyclophosphamide, and cisplatin.Toxicities include myelosuppression, immunosuppression,fever, nausea, and vomiting.
생물학적 활성
Purine analog that inhibits DNA synthesis. Exhibits antiproliferative activity (IC 50 = 1.54 μ M in RPMI cells) and triggers apoptosis through increasing Bax and decreasing Bid, XIAP and survivin expression. Displays anticancer activity against hematological malignancies in vivo .
Mode of action
Fludarabine is a fluorinated analogue of adenine that is relatively resistant to deamination by adenosine deaminase. Fludarabine phosphate is a prodrug that is rapidly dephosphorylated to 2-fluoro-ara-A and then phosphorylated intracellularly by deoxycytidine kinase to the active metabolite triphosphate 2-fluoro-ara-ATP. Fludarabine inhibits the DNA synthesis via inhibition of ribonucleotide reductase, DNA polymerase (α, δ, and ε), DNA primase, and DNA ligase. The action mechanism also is by partial inhibition of RNA polymerase II, causing reduction in protein synthesis. It is believed that effects on DNA, RNA, and protein synthesis contribute to the inhibition of cell growth, mostly by inhibition of DNA synthesis. Lymphocytes of CLL when exposed, in vitro, to the compound 2-fluoro-ara-A lead to extensive DNA fragmentation and apoptosis.

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