산소 디플루오르화물

그림문자(GHS)

• 그림문자(GHS)

  

• 신호 어

  Danger

• 유해·위험 문구

  H270：화재를 일으키거나 강렬하게 함; 산화제

  H314：피부에 심한 화상과 눈에 손상을 일으킴

  H330：흡입하면 치명적임

• 예방조치문구

  P220：의류 그리고 가연성 물질로부터 멀리하시오.

  P244：밸브 및 부속품에 그리스와 오일이 묻지 않도록 하시오.

  P260：분진·흄·가스·미스트·증기·...·스프레이를 흡입하지 마시오.

  P264：취급 후에는 손을 철저히 씻으시오.

  P264：취급 후에는 손을 철저히 씻으시오.

  P271：옥외 또는 환기가 잘 되는 곳에서만 취급하시오.

  P280：보호장갑/보호의/보안경/안면보호구를 착용하시오.

  P284：호흡 보호구를 착용하시오.

  P301+P330+P331：삼켰다면 입을 씻어내시오. 토하게 하려 하지 마시오.

  P303+P361+P353：피부(또는 머리카락)에 묻으면 오염된 모든 의복은 벗거나 제거하시오 피부를 물로 씻으시오/샤워하시오.

  P304+P340：흡입하면 신선한 공기가 있는 곳으로 옮기고 호흡하기 쉬운 자세로 안정을 취하시오.

  P305+P351+P338：눈에 묻으면 몇 분간 물로 조심해서 씻으시오. 가능하면 콘택트렌즈를 제거하시오. 계속 씻으시오.

  P310：즉시 의료기관(의사)의 진찰을 받으시오. 삼켰다면 즉시 의료기관(의사)의 도움을 받으시오.

  P320：긴급히 (…) 처치를 하시오.

  P321：(…) 처치를 하시오.

  P363：다시 사용전 오염된 의류는 세척하시오.

  P370+P376：화재 발생 시,안전한 경우 새는 부위를 막을 것

  P403：환기가 잘 되는 곳에 보관하시오.

  P403+P233：용기는 환기가 잘 되는 곳에 단단히 밀폐하여 저장하시오.

  P405：밀봉하여 저장하시오.

  P501：...에 내용물 / 용기를 폐기 하시오.

산소 디플루오르화물 화학적 특성, 용도, 생산

• 화학적 성질

  Oxygen difluoride is a colorless gas. Foul, peculiar odor. Shipped as a nonliquefied compressed gas.

• 물리적 성질

  Colorless gas with a characteristic odor; unstable in the presence of moisture, otherwise stable up to 250°C; gas density 2.21g/L at 25°C; liquefies to a yellowish-brown liquid at -144.8°C; density of the liquid 1.90g/ml at -223.8°C; solidifies at -223.8°C; slightly soluble in water, decomposing very slowly; solubility 68ml gas per liter of water at 0°C; slightly soluble in acids and alkali.

• 용도

  Commercial applications of oxygen difluoride are limited. It is used in organic synthesis to prepare fluoropropylenes and acylfluorides. It is used as an oxidizing and fluorinating agent in many preparative reactions and as a monomer in diolefin copolymerization.

• 제조 방법

  Oxygen difluoride may be prepared by passing fluorine gas slowly through a dilute solution of caustic soda. Usually a 2% solution of NaOH is suitable for the preparation:
  2F₂ + 2 Na OH → 2NaF + OF₂ + H₂O
  At a higher alkali concentration, oxygen is formed:
  2F₂ + 4NaOH → 4NaF + 2H₂O + O₂
  Oxygen difluoride can be produced by electrolysis of an aqueous solution of HF or, alternatively, electroylzing molten potassium hydrogen difluoride, KHF₂, in the presence of water.

• 일반 설명

  A colorless poisonous gas with a strong peculiar odor. Highly toxic by inhalation. Corrosive to skin and eyes. Can explode on contact with water. Decomposes to toxic gaseous fluorine if heated to high temperature. Prolonged exposure of the containers to high heat may result in their violent rupturing and rocketing. Used as an oxidizer for propellants.

• 공기와 물의 반응

  Violent explosions resulted when a spark was discharged in a 25-70% mixture of Oxygen difluoride with oxygen over water [Mellor 2, Supp. 1:191. 1956].

• 반응 프로필

  Oxygen difluoride is an oxidizing agent. Mixtures with carbon monoxide, with hydrogen, or with methane explode on sparking [Streng, A. G., Chem. Rev., 1963, 63, p. 610]. May react explosively with adsorbents (silica, alumina, molecular sieves, silica gel) [Streng A. G., Chem. Eng. News, 1965, 43(12), p. 5]; the presence of moisture may render such mixtures shock-sensitive [Metz, F. I., Chem. Eng. News, 1965, 43(7), p. 41]. Gives explosive reactions with diborane, hydrogen sulfide, nitrogen oxide, nitrosyl fluoride, charcoal, sulfur tetrafluoride. Warming of mixtures with halogens, with metal halides, with aluminum chloride, with antimony pentachloride, and with tungsten gives explosions. Ignites on contact with diborane tetrafluoride, phosphorus pentaoxide, red phosphorus, boron, silicon [Bretherick, 5th ed., 1995, p. 1419]. Incompatible with ammonia, arsenic trioxide, chromium trioxide, chlorine in the presence of copper, ozone [Lewis, 3rd ed., 1993, p. 978]. Reacts to incandescence with aluminum, barium, cadmium, magnesium, strontium, zinc, zirconium. Reacts with the alkali metals (lithium, sodium, potassium) [Streng, A. G., Chem. Rev., 1963, 63, p. 611].

• 위험도

  Oxygen difluoride is a highly toxic gas that attacks lungs, manifesting delayed symptoms. It causes irritation of eyes, lungs, and skin. Chronic exposure can lead to pulminary edema and congestion in lungs. Inhalation also can cause systemic toxic effects in humans. LC₅₀ inhalation (rat): 136ppm/1 hr The compound is a very powerful oxidizing agent. Contact with reducing agents can cause explosion.

• 건강위험

  TOXIC; may be fatal if inhaled or absorbed through skin. Fire will produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases. Contact with gas or liquefied gas may cause burns, severe injury and/or frostbite. Runoff from fire control may cause pollution.

• 화재위험

  Substance does not burn but will support combustion. Vapors from liquefied gas are initially heavier than air and spread along ground. These are strong oxidizers and will react vigorously or explosively with many materials including fuels. May ignite combustibles (wood, paper, oil, clothing, etc.). Some will react violently with air, moist air and/or water. Cylinders exposed to fire may vent and release toxic and/or corrosive gas through pressure relief devices. Containers may explode when heated. Ruptured cylinders may rocket.

• Safety Profile

  Poison by inhalation. Human systemic effects by inhalation: chronic pulmonary edema or congestion. A corrosive skin, eye, and mucous membrane irritant. Attacks lungs with delayed appearance of symptoms. A very powerful oxidizer. Must be kept away from contact with reducing agents. Explosive reaction with adsorbents (e.g., sllica gel, alumina, molecular sieve), diborane, halogens + heat, metal halides, aluminum chloride, antimony pentachloride (at 1 50℃), tungsten + heat, hydrogen sulfide, liquid nitrogen oxide, nitrosyl fluoride, charcoal, sulfur tetrafluoride. Forms spark-sensitive explosive mixtures with water or combustible gases (e.g., carbon monoxide, hydrogen, methane). Ignites on contact with diborane tetrafluoride, nonmetals (e.g., red phosphorus, boron powder, silicon), phosphorus(V) oxide, nitrogen oxide gas. Incandescent reaction with metals (e.g., aluminum, barium, cadmium, magnesium, strontium, zinc, zirconium, lithium (above 4OO0C)), potassium (above 4OO0C), sodium. Incompatible with NH3, As203, Cl2 + Cu, CrO3, Ir, 03, O2 + H20, Pd, Pt, Rh, Ru, Si02. When heated to decomposition it emits highly toxic fumes of F-. See also FLUORIDES

• 잠재적 노출

  Oxygen difluoride is used as an oxidizer in missile propellant systems.

• 운송 방법

  Oxygen difluoride, compressed Hazard Class: 2.3; Labels: 2.3-Poisonous gas, 5.1-Oxidizer, 8-Corrosive material, Inhalation Hazard Zone A. Cylinders must be transported in a secure upright position, in a well-ventilated truck. Protect cylinder and labels from physical damage. The owner of the compressed gas cylinder is the only entity allowed by federal law (49CFR) to transport and refill them. It is a violation of transportation regulations to refill compressed gas cylinders without the express written permission of the owner.

• 비 호환성

  A strong oxidizer. Explodes on contact with steam. Violent reaction with reducing agents; combustible materials; chlorine, bromine, iodine, platinum, metal oxides; moist air; hydrogen sulfide (explosive in ambient air); hydrocarbons, water. Attacks mercury. Reacts, possibly violently, with many materials including porous materials (i.e., alumina, charcoal, and silica), mercury, and phosphorus.

• 폐기물 처리

  Spray or sift on a thick layer of a (1:1) mixture of dry soda ash and slaked lime behind ashield. After mixing, spray water from an atomizer with great precaution. Transfer slowly into a large amount of water. Neutralize and drain into the sewer with sufficient water.

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