사질산 펜타에리트리톨

그림문자(GHS)

• 그림문자(GHS)

  

• 신호 어

  Danger

• 유해·위험 문구

  H201：폭발성 물질; 대폭발 위험

• 예방조치문구

  P210：열·스파크·화염·고열로부터 멀리하시오 - 금연 하시오.

  P230：...와(과) 젖은 상태로 유지하시오.

  P240：용기와 수용설비를 접지 및 접합시키시오.

  P250：연마/충격/마찰/...을(를) 가하지 마시오.

  P280：보호장갑/보호의/보안경/안면보호구를 착용하시오.

  P370+P380：화재 시 주변 지역의 사람을 대피시키시오.

  P372：화재 시 폭발 위험성이 있음.

  P373：화염이 폭발성 물질에 도달하면 불을 끄려 하지 마시오.

  P401：...에 따라 저장하시오.

  P501：...에 내용물 / 용기를 폐기 하시오.

사질산 펜타에리트리톨 화학적 특성, 용도, 생산

• 화학적 성질

  white crystalline powder

• 용도

  Pentaerythritol tetranitrate (PETN) is a high explosive, often used as the booster in artillery ammunition. It is frequently used as a detonation fuse, which is a form of primacord in which PETN powder is wrapped in waterproof fabric.

• 정의

  ChEBI: A pentaerythritol nitrate in which all four hydroxy groups of pentaerythritol have been converted to the corresponding nitrate ester. It is a vasodilator with properties similar to those of glyceryl trinitrate, but with a more prolonged duration of action, and is used for treatment of angina pectoris. It is also one of the most powerful high explosives known and is a component of the plastic explosive known as Semtex.

• 반응 프로필

  Pure PENTAERYTHRITE TETRANITRATE is an explosive. Severe explosion hazard when shocked or exposed to heat. Explodes when heated to 205-215°C. Highly dangerous when mixed with oxidizing agents. On decomposition Pentaerythritol tetranitrate emits highly toxic fumes of NOx (Sax and Lewis, 1987 pp. 699-700).

• 건강위험

  Some are toxic and may be fatal if inhaled, swallowed or absorbed through skin. Contact may cause burns to skin and eyes. Fire may produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases. Runoff from fire control or dilution water may cause pollution.

• 화재위험

  PETN is a high explosive, as powerful as cyclonite. It is more sensitive than TNT to shock. It explodes on percussion or heating. The detonating temperature is 210°C (410°F). The detonation velocity is 7.9 km/s.

• Safety Profile

  Human systemic effects by ingestion: dermatitis. Effects are sirmlar to those of nitroglycerin, i.e., headache, weakness, and fall in blood pressure. Very low oral toxicity. Severe explosion hazard when shocked or exposed to heat. It explodes at 215’C. On decomposition it emits hghly toxic fumes of NO,; can react vigorously with oxidizing materials. Used in detonators and explosive specialities. See also NITRATES and EXPLOSIVES, HIGH.

• 잠재적 노출

  First introduced following WWII, PETN shares the same chemical family as nitroglycerine. It is 70% more powerful than TNT. Used in the manufacture of fuses for detonation and explosive specialties, including the plastic explosive, Semtex, and in blasting caps. PETN is also used as a medical vasodilator to lower blood pressure by widening blood vessels to improve blood flow. PRTN has been used in terrorism attempts in 2001 by the so-called “shoe bomber,” in 2009 by the “underwear bomber,” and most recently in October 2010, hidden in printer cartridges being shipped internationally by passenger jet.

• 운송 방법

  UN3344 Pentaerythrite tetranitrate mixture, desensitized, solid, n.o.s. with ＞10% but not ＞20% PETN, by mass, Hazard Class: 4.1; Labels: 4.1-Flammable solid. UN0150 Pentaerythrite tetranitrate, wetted or Pentaerythritol tetranitrate, wetted, or PETN, wetted or Pentaerythrite tetranitrate, or Pentaerythritol tetranitrate or PETN, desensitized, Hazard Class: 1D; Labels:1DExplosive (with a mass explosion hazard); D-Substances or articles which may mass detonate (with blast and/or fragment hazard) when exposed to fire.

• Purification Methods

  Crystallise pentaerythritol tetranitrate from acetone or acetone/EtOH. When crystallised from H2O at 0o, it may have m 26-28o (hydrate). It detonates more easily than TNT on percussion. The O-acetate, when crystallised from EtOH, has m 87-88o. Although it has been distilled at 60o/2mm, distillation should NOT be attempted as it is VERY EXPLOSIVE. Itis a vasodilator. [Marans et al. J Am Chem Soc 76 1304 1954, Camp et al. J Am Chem Soc 77 751 1955, Beilstein 1 IV 2816, 2 IV 264.]

• 비 호환성

  Treat PETN as an unstable explosive. Rapid heating can cause detonation when heated to 210C. PETN is a dangerous high explosive and a strong oxidizer. PETN normally requires a blasting cap or other kind of detonator but may decompose explosively from concussion, shock, friction, static charges. Keep away from combustible materials; other oxidizers, for example, nitrates and permanganates. Contact with sulfur trioxide may cause detonation. Contact with reducing agents, e.g., zinc and alkaline metals may cause explosion. May explode in the presence of strong bases (i.e., sodium or potassium hydroxide). May react with heavy metals.

• 폐기물 처리

  Seek expert help with this explosive material. Consult with environmental regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal practices. governing storage, transportation, treatment, and waste disposal.

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