네온

그림문자(GHS)

• 그림문자(GHS)

  

• 신호 어

  Warning

• 유해·위험 문구

  H280：고압가스; 가열시 폭발할 수 있음

• 예방조치문구

  P410+P403：직사광선을 피하고 환기가 잘 되는 곳에 보관하시오.

네온 화학적 특성, 용도, 생산

• 개요

  In 1898, Dr William Ramsay and Morris M. Travers, a Scottish scientist and a British scientist, respectively, discovered neon as a condensation product in liquefied air, as in a process similar to that used to collect neon today. Neon’s use in lighting evolved from discoveries that gases under low pressure conduct electricity. When some flowing electrons collide with residual gas in an evacuated glass tube, the resulting ions emit light as they return to their nonexcited state. The color of the light depends on the residual gas; neon gas produces a red color and argon, another inert gas often used in tubes (which are frequently and incorrectly called neon lights), produces a blue color. These two basic colors are often modified into many different hues by the addition of such elements as mercury and cadmium. The neon found on the Earth is considered to be primordial in origin. Most of the neon is sequestered in the Earth’s rocks or dissolved in water, with small amounts escaping into the atmosphere during geologic weathering. The escaped gas is slowly lost into space faster than it is replenished. Consequently, neon constitutes only a small part (0.0018%) of the Earth’s atmosphere, although this element is estimated to be the fourth most abundant in the universe.

• 화학적 성질

  Neon is an inert, colorless, odorless, tasteless gas or liquid.

• 물리적 성질

  Neon is a monatomic atom that is considered relatively inert. It does not even combinewith itself to form a diatomic molecule, as do some other gases (e.g., H₂ and O₂). Duringthe 1960s it was discovered that the noble gases are not really inert. Neon and the heaviernoble gases (Kr, Xe, and Rn) can form compounds when in an ionized state with some otherelements. For example, neon can form a two-atom ionized molecule of NeH+. Neon has alsobeen forced to form a compound with fluorine.
  Neon’s melting point is –248.59°C, its boiling point is –246.08°C, and its density is0.0008999 g/cm³.

• Isotopes

  There are a total of 11 isotopes of neon, three of which are stable. They are Ne-20, which makes up 90.48% of the natural abundance of neon on Earth; Ne-21, whichcontributes just 0.27% to all the neon found in nature; and Ne-22, which contributes9.25% to the natural abundance of neon. All the other isotopes have half-lives rangingfrom 3.746×10^-21 seconds to 3.38 minutes.

• Origin of Name

  The word “neon” was derived from the Greek word neos, meaning “new.”

• 출처

  Neon is the fourth most abundant element in the universe, but it makes up only 18.18ppm of the Earth’s atmosphere. It is the 82nd most abundant element on Earth.
  Neon is believed to be produced by radioactive decay deep in the Earth. As it rises to thesurface, it escapes into the atmosphere and is soon dissipated. Some neon is found mixed withnatural gas and several minerals.
  Neon is produced as a secondary product of the fractional distillation of liquid nitrogenand oxygen. Air is liquefied, and as it warms, nitrogen and oxygen boil off, leaving behindseveral other colder gases, including about 75% neon, which is then passed through activatedcharcoal to remove hydrogen and other gases.

• 역사

  Discovered by Ramsay and Travers in 1898. Neon is a rare gaseous element present in the atmosphere to the extent of 1 part in 65,000 of air. It is obtained by liquefaction of air and separated from the other gases by fractional distillation. Natural neon is a mixture of three isotopes. Fourteen other unstable isotopes are known. It is very inert element; however, it is said to form a compound with fluorine. It is still questionable if true compounds of neon exist, but evidence is mounting in favor of their existence. The following ions are known from optical and mass spectrometric studies: Ne+, (NeAr)+, (NeH)+, and (HeNe+). Neon also forms an unstable hydrate. In a vacuum discharge tube, neon glows reddish orange. Of all the rare gases, the discharge of neon is the most intense at ordinary voltages and currents. Neon is used in making the common neon advertising signs, which accounts for its largest use. It is also used to make high-voltage indicators, lightning arrestors, wave meter tubes, and TV tubes. Neon and helium are used in making gas lasers. Liquid neon is now commercially available and is finding important application as an economical cryogenic refrigerant. It has over 40 times more refrigerating capacity per unit volume than liquid helium and more than three times that of liquid hydrogen. It is compact, inert, and is less expensive than helium when it meets refrigeration requirements. Neon costs about $800/80 cu. ft. (2265 l).

• Characteristics

  As with the other noble gases, neon is colorless, tasteless, and odorless. It glows bright redwhen electricity is passed through it in an enclosed glass tube. It will turn from a gas to a liquidat –245.92°C, and only under great pressure will it become solid. It is noncombustible andlighter than air, but not as light as helium.

• 용도

  Gas in neon light tubes; ingredient of gaseous fillers for antifog devices, warning signals, electrical current detectors, high-voltage indicators for high-tension electric lines, lightning arresters, wave-meter tubes; in Ne-He lasers; in mixtures with He and Ar in Geiger counters. Liquid as cryogen to produce low temperetures.

• 정의

  An inert colorless odorless monatomic element of the rare-gas group. Neon forms no compounds. It occurs in minute quantities (0.0018% by volume) in air and is obtained from liquid air. It is used in neon signs and lights, electrical equipment, and gas lasers. Symbol: Ne; m.p. –248.67°C; b.p. –246.05°C; d. 0.9 kg m–3 (0°C); p.n. 10; r.a.m. 20.18.

• 일반 설명

  A colorless odorless noncombustible gas. Chemically inert. The vapors are lighter than air. Nontoxic, but can act as a simple asphyxiant. Exposure of the container to prolonged heat or fire may cause NEON to rupture violently and rocket. Principal use is to fill lamp bulbs and tubes.

• 반응 프로필

  These substances undergo no chemical reactions under any known circumstances. They are nonflammable, noncombustible and nontoxic. They can asphyxiate.

• 위험도

  Neon is nontoxic. As an asphyxiate gas, it can smother by removing oxygen from thelungs.

• 건강위험

  Vapors may cause dizziness or asphyxiation without warning. Vapors from liquefied gas are initially heavier than air and spread along ground.

• 화재위험

  Non-flammable gases. Containers may explode when heated. Ruptured cylinders may rocket.

• Safety Profile

  An inert asphpant gas.

• 잠재적 노출

  Neon is used in photoelectric bulbs and certain light tubes; in the electronic industry; in lasers; in plasma studies; and other research.

• 운송 방법

  UN1065 Neon and UN1913 Neon, refrigerated liquid (cryogenic liquid), Hazard Class: 2.2; Labels: 2.2-Nonflammable compressed gas. Cylinders must be transported in a secure upright position, in a well-ventilated truck. Protect cylinder and labels from physical damage. The owner of the compressed gas cylinder is the only entity allowed by federal law (49CFR) to transport and refill them. It is a violation of transportation regulations to refill compressed gas cylinders without the express written permission of the owner.

• Purification Methods

  Pass the gas through a copper coil packed with 60/80 mesh 13X molecular sieves which is cooled in liquid N2, or through a column of Ascarite (NaOH-coated silica adsorbent).

• 비 호환성

  Compressed neon gas under pressure may explode when heated.

• 폐기물 처리

  Return refillable compressed gas cylinders to supplier. Venting to atmosphere.

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