대나무차콜가루

그림문자(GHS)

• 그림문자(GHS)

  

• 신호 어

  Warning

• 유해·위험 문구

  H319：눈에 심한 자극을 일으킴

  H335：호흡 자극성을 일으킬 수 있음

• 예방조치문구

  P305+P351+P338：눈에 묻으면 몇 분간 물로 조심해서 씻으시오. 가능하면 콘택트렌즈를 제거하시오. 계속 씻으시오.

대나무차콜가루 화학적 특성, 용도, 생산

• 개요

  The first use of charcoal comes from the black pigment used in European cave paintings around 32 000 years ago. It is possible that the earliest use of charcoal as a fuel in the smelting of copper began over 7000 years ago. The first definite evidence of human involvement with charcoal as a fuel goes back to 5500 years ago in the Middle East and Southern Europe, when the Egyptians, who were expert metal workers, discovered the smelting of iron using charcoal.

• 화학적 성질

  Graphite is crystallized carbon and usually appears as soft, black scales. There are two types of graph ite, natural and artificial (activated). Natural and synthetic graphite may be mixed with each other or contain other additives.

• 용도

  Charcoal has been used since the earliest times for several of purposes, including medicine and art, but by far its most important use has been as a metallurgical, cooking, industrial, and automotive fuel. Charcoal is used as a conventional fuel where an intense heat is wanted. Charcoal was also used historically as a source of carbon black in chemical reactions by grinding it up. In this form charcoal was a constituent of formulas for mixtures such as gunpowder and was important to early chemists. Due to its high surface area, charcoal can be used as a catalyst, a filter, or an adsorbent.

• 일반 설명

  A black powder or granular mixed with a tar or starch and water binder pressed into regular lumps or briquettes. Heats slowly and ignites in air especially if wet.

• 공기와 물의 반응

  Flammable. Insoluble in water.

• 반응 프로필

  Explosions have occurred when liquid air contacts organic matter. A cracked tube of activated charcoal immersed in liquid air exploded violently [J. Sci. Inst. 5:24 1928]. Zinc chlorate and charcoal (or finely divided organic material) form mixtures that may ignite or explode. Ignition or explosion may be caused by friction, percussion, or shock [U.S. Army Ordnance Safety Manual 1951].

• 건강위험

  No significant symptoms

• 화재위험

  Special Hazards of Combustion Products: Incomplete combustion forms toxic carbon monoxide.

• Safety Profile

  Carbon itself has no toxic action, but it contains impurities that may be toxic. Fire hazard: reacts with liquid air, Ba(ClO3)2, BrFj, Cl0, Ca(ClO3)2, ClF2, F2, H2O2, Mg(ClO3)2, (O2 + wood), perchlorates, peroxides, (P + air), K + KClO3, mo3, Ru04, AgNO3, NaClO3, (AgCl + NaO2), S, (S + NaNO3), Zn(ClO3)2. Heats spontaneously, particularly when wet, freshly calcined, or tightly packed, and it can ignite and burn. Slight explosion hazard when exposed to heat or flame. To fight fire, use water, mist, foam, or dry chemical. When heated to decomposition it emits acrid smoke and fumes.

• 잠재적 노출

  Natural graphite is used in foundry facings, steel making lubricants, refractories, crucibles, pencil “lead,” paints, pigments, and stove polish. Artificial graphite may be substituted for these uses with the excep tion of clay crucibles; other types of crucibles may be pro duced from artificial graphite. Additionally, it may be used as a high temperature lubricant or for electrodes. It is uti lized in the electrical industry in electrodes, brushes, con tacts, and electronic tube rectifier elements; as a constituent in lubricating oils and greases; to treat friction elements, such as brake linings; to prevent molds from sticking together; and in moderators in nuclear reactors. In addition, concerns have been expressed about synthetic graphite in fibrous form. Those exposed are involved in production of graphite fibers from pitch or acrylonitrile fibers and the manufacture and use of composites of plastics, metals, or ceramics reinforced with graphite fibers.

• 환경귀착

  Due to its large surface area, charcoal exerts its effects by absorbing a wide variety of drugs and chemicals. After the toxic substance attaches to the surface of the charcoal and because charcoal is not absorbed, it stays inside the GI tract, being eliminated in the feces along with the charcoal. In single-dose therapy, activated charcoal adsorbs the toxic substance ingested, and thus inhibits GI absorption and prevents or reduces toxicity.

• 운송 방법

  UN1362 Carbon, activated, Hazard Class: 4.2; Labels: 4.2-Spontaneously combustible material, International.

• 비 호환성

  Graphite is a strong reducing agent and reacts violently with oxidizers, such as fluorine, chlorine trifluoride, and potassium peroxide. Forms an explosive mixture with air. May be spontaneously combustible in air.

• 폐기물 처리

  Do not incinerate. Carbon (graphite) fibers are difficult to dispose of by incineration. Waste fibers should be packaged and disposed of in a land fill authorized for the disposal of special wastes of this nature, or as otherwise may be required by law.

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