오셀타미비르

한글명:오셀타미비르

카스 번호196618-13-0

상품명:Oseltamivir

CBNumberCB1472402

분자식C16H28N2O4

포뮬러 무게312.4

MOL 파일196618-13-0.mol

동의어(한글)

오셀타미비르

화학적 성질

녹는점	107-108 °C
끓는 점	473.3±45.0 °C(Predicted)
밀도	1.08±0.1 g/cm3(Predicted)
저장 조건	2-8°C(protect from light)
용해도	Chloroform (Sparingly), DMSO (Slightly), Ethyl Acetate (Slightly), Methanol (Slightly)
물리적 상태	고체
물리적 상태	단단한 모양
산도 계수 (pKa)	7.7 (25°); 6.6 (70°)
색상	미색부터 페일 베이지까지
안정성	흡습성
CAS 데이터베이스	196618-13-0
EPA	1-Cyclohexene-1-carboxylic acid, 4-(acetylamino)-5-amino-3-(1-ethylpropoxy)-, ethyl ester, (3R,4R,5S)- (196618-13-0)

위험 및 안전 성명

유해 물질 데이터

196618-13-0(Hazardous Substances Data)

그림문자(GHS)

오셀타미비르 화학적 특성, 용도, 생산

용도
Oseltamivir is an orally active inhibitor of influenza virus neuraminidase; converted in vivo to the active acid metabolite. An antiviral drug. It is a COVID19-related research product.
정의
ChEBI: A cyclohexenecarboxylate ester that is the ethyl ester of oseltamivir acid. An antiviral prodrug (it is hydrolysed to the active free carboxylic acid in the liver), it is used to slow the spread of influenza.
Indications
Oseltamivir phosphate (Tamiflu) is the ethyl ester prodrug of oseltamivir carboxylate, an analogue of neuraminic (sialic) acid that is a reversible competitive antagonist of influenza A and B neuraminidase.Influenza virus resistant to oseltamivir has not been found in naturally acquired isolates but has been isolated from influenza patients who have undergone treatment with this drug.These resistant strains contain mutations in the active site of neuraminidase and are generally less virulent and infective than nonresistant virus. In vitro passage of influenza virus in the presence of oseltamivir carboxylate can produce mutations in hemagglutinin that decrease the overall dependence of viral replication on neuraminidase; however, the clinical relevance of this resistance mechanism is unknown.
Antimicrobial activity
Oseltamivir is active against influenza A and B, but no other virus.
원료
Mutations in the neuraminidase (H274Y) have been detected in treated patients with seasonal H1N1 infection. Cross-resistance with zanamivir has been described in vitro.
Pharmaceutical Applications
A selective neuraminidase inhibitor, formulated as the phosphate salt of the ethyl ester for oral administration.
Pharmacokinetics
Oral absorption: c. 75%
C_max 75 mg oral: 0.35–0.55 mg/L after 4 h
Plasma half-life: 7–9 h
Plasma protein binding: Not known
The ethyl ester prodrug is hydrolyzed by hepatic esterases to release the active compound, oseltamivir carboxylate. Drug is excreted in the urine as the carboxylate derivative.
Clinical Use
Oseltamivir is approved for the treatment of uncomplicated acute influenza in patients aged 1 year and older. It decreases the duration of illness by 1 to 1.5 days when treatment is initiated within 48 hours of the onset of symptoms. Oseltamivir is also indicated for the prophylaxis of influenza in individuals aged 13 and older. It reduces infection rates to approximately 10 to 25% of that found in untreated populations; however, it is not intended to substitute for the early vaccination recommended by the CDC. Oseltamivir can be used as postexposure prophylaxis in household contacts of infected patients, with infection rates of treated patients around 10% of placebo control levels.
부작용
The most frequently reported adverse effects of oseltamivir are nausea and vomiting.These events are usually mild to moderate, occur during the first 1 to 2 days of treatment, and can be lessened by taking the drug with food. Bronchitis, insomnia, and vertigo may also occur. Oseltamivir may not be indicated for use in certain individuals. Its efficacy in patients with chronic cardiac or respiratory disease has not been established. In clinical trials, no difference in the incidence of complications was seen between treatment and control groups. The efficacy of oseltamivir has not been demonstrated in immunocompromised patients, patients who begin treatment after 40 hours of symptoms, or patients given repeated prophylactic courses of therapy. Dosage adjustment is recommended for individuals with renal insufficiency; the drug’s safety in patients with hepatic insufficiency is unknown.

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