Uses
2-Cyclohexyl-4,6-dinitrophenol is a phenolic pollutant found in an environmental waste water.
Definition
ChEBI: Dinex is a ring assembly and an alkylbenzene.
Production Methods
Although no manufacturing records for dinex are published, its chemical identity as a carbamate type heterocycle allows a reliable reconstruction of its industrial production. Commercial manufacture would have followed the same multipurpose plant chemical processes used for mid 20th century carbamate pesticides: synthesis of the heterocyclic amine precursor, preparation of the appropriate chloroformate or isocyanate based carbamoylating agent, and controlled coupling under anhydrous, base scavenged conditions. The reaction, typically carried out in aromatic or chlorinated solvents, required careful temperature control because carbamoylation is exothermic. After completion, the crude product would undergo aqueous neutralisation, filtration, solvent exchange, and vacuum drying to yield technical grade dinex.
General Description
Yellow crystals.
Reactivity Profile
Reacts with oxidizing materials and combustibles [USCG, 1999]. Special Hazards of Combustion Products: Can detonate or explode when heated under confinement [USCG, 1999]. Aromatic nitro compounds, such as 2-CYCLOHEXYL-4,6-DINITROPHENOL, range from slight to strong oxidizing agents. If mixed with reducing agents, including hydrides, sulfides and nitrides, they may begin a vigorous reaction that culminates in a detonation. The aromatic nitro compounds may explode in the presence of a base such as sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide even in the presence of water or organic solvents. The explosive tendencies of aromatic nitro compounds are increased by the presence of multiple nitro groups. Phenols do not behave as organic alcohols, as one might guess from the presence of a hydroxyl (-OH) group in their structure. Instead, they react as weak organic acids. Phenols and cresols are much weaker as acids than common carboxylic acids (phenol has Ka = 1.3 x 10^[-10]). These materials are incompatible with strong reducing substances such as hydrides, nitrides, alkali metals, and sulfides. Flammable gas (H2) is often generated, and the heat of the reaction may ignite the gas. Heat is also generated by the acid-base reaction between phenols and bases.
Health Hazard
Liver damage, metabolic stimulant, dermatitis, dilation of pupils.
Fire Hazard
Special Hazards of Combustion Products: Can detonate or explode when heated under confinement.
Trade name
DN®; DN-111®; DN dry mix; MIX No.
1®; DN dust No. 12®; DOW SPRAY®-17; DRY MIX No.
1®; PEDINEX®; SN 46®
Mechanism of action
Non-systemic activity, Uncoupler of oxidative phosphorylation via disruption of proton gradient.
Pesticide Type
Insecticide; Acaricide; Molluscicide
