Description
Chlorinated paraffins are a class of chemicals used for a variety of applications. They can be classified according to the length of their chlorine chains, and commercial formulations may include a mix of compounds in this class. CAS 106232-86-4 is considered a Long Chain Chlorinated Paraffin (LCCP), with 24 chlorine atoms. The long form is less environmentally sensitive than short-length varieties.
Chlorinated paraffin is largely inert, almost insoluble in water, and flame retardant. It can function as a plasticizing additive to for metal lubricants and cutting fluids, plastics, rubber, paint, adhesives, and more. Most of the world’s chlorinated paraffin is produced in China.
Sources
http://www.mwfmag.com/mwf/docs/U.S.A.ALLAMERICA.pdf
http://www.guidechem.com/reference/dic-25864.html
http://www.adityabirlachemicals.com/products/chlorine_derivatives/chlorinated_paraffin.html
http://www.toxipedia.org/display/toxipedia/Chlorinated+Paraffins#ChlorinatedParaffins-ChlorinatedParaffins%2C2009
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chlorinated_paraffins
Chemical Properties
Insoluble in water and ethanol, soluble in many organic solutions. Decompose when heated above 120℃, release hydrogen chloride gas, iron, zinc and other oxides will promote the decomposition.
Uses
Chlorinated paraffin can be combined with other emulsified oils to replace animal and vegetable oils in the fatliquoring of sole leather, belt leather, lining leather, vegetable-tanned leather, and chrome-vegetable combined tanned leather. It is a mixture of chlorinated derivatives of C10-C30 straight-chain alkanes, generally containing 40%-70% chlorine. It is odorless, non-toxic, flame-retardant, low-volatility, and has good electrical insulation properties. It is commonly used as a plasticizer for PVC, an additive for rubber, coatings, and inks, an additive for machining lubricants, and a flame retardant for plastics and rubber. It is often used in combination with antimony-based flame retardants and is widely used in soft PVC, polyethylene, polystyrene, etc. Products with a 42% chlorine content can be used as a plasticizer to increase plastic volume; products with a 50% chlorine content (chlorinated hydrocarbon 50) have good compatibility with resins, high plasticizing efficiency, excellent heat resistance and transparency, and good flame retardant effects. They are mainly used in cable materials, flooring materials, calendered sheets, hoses, plastic doors and windows, and plastic shoes.
Definition
liquid: A phase of matter between that of a crystalline solid and a gas.In a liquid, the large-scale threedimensional atomic (or ionic or molecular)regularity of the solid is absentbut, on the other hand, so is thetotal disorganization of the gas. Althoughliquids have been studied formany years there is still no comprehensivetheory of the liquid state. It is clear, however, from diffraction studies that there is a short-range structural regularity extending over several molecular diameters. These bundles of ordered atoms, molecules,or ions move about in relation toeach other, enabling liquids to havealmost fixed volumes, which adoptthe shape of their containers.
Definition
The state of matter in which the
particles of a substance are loosely bound
by intermolecular forces. The weakness of
these forces permits movement of the particles
and consequently liquids can change
their shape within a fixed volume. The liquid
state lacks the order of the solid state.
Thus, amorphous materials, such as glass,
in which the particles are disordered and
can move relative to each other, can be
classed as liquids.
Agricultural Uses
Liquid is an amorphous (non-crystalline) form of matter
intermediate between gases and solids in which the molecules are much more highly concentrated than in
solids. Liquids take the shape of their containers but have
fixed volume at a particular temperature and are
incompressible.
Liquid molecules are free to move within the limits
set by intermolecular attractive forces. At the aidliquid
interface the vibration of the molecules causes some of
them to be ejected from the liquid at a rate depending on
the surface tension. The tendency of molecules to escape
from a liquid surface is called fugacity and is largely
responsible for evaporation. When the air space is
restricted, the escaping molecules eventually saturate the
air and thus the number of molecules leaving the liquid is
equal to those returning to it as a result of molecular
attraction. In these circumstances, the liquid/air system is
said to be in equilibrium.
Liquids vary greatly in viscosity, boiling point,
vapor pressure and surface tension. Mercury has a
specific gravity of 13.6 and the highest surface tension of
all liquids. Glass has the highest viscosity. Polar liquids
are those where molecules have opposite electrical
charges on their terminal atoms or groups, which impart
a force called dipolemoment. Water is a polar liquid with
high dielectric constant. Pure hydrocarbon liquids are
generally non-polar.
Safety Profile
Suspected carcinogen. A skin and eye irritant. When heated to decomposition it emits toxic vapors of Cl
Toxics Screening Level
Utilizing this unit risk value, the
concentration of chlorinated paraffins (Cl0-C12, 60% chlorine) in air
resulting in an increased cancer risk of one in one million (1 x 10 ) is
0.03 μg/m 3.
