Description
Forchlorfenuron (68157-60-8) reversibly perturbs mammalian septin assembly, organization and function. Has no effect on actin or tubulin polymerization.1,2 FCF induces effects on mitosis and migration which phenocopy the effects induced by septin depletion using siRNA.1 A useful tool for exploring the physiological role of septin and its complexes.3,4
Chemical Properties
White to faint yellow crystalline powder.
Chemical Properties
White Solid
Uses
Forchlorfenuronis is a diphenylurea-derivative cytokinin. Forchlorfenuronis is used as a plant growth regulator (PGR). Forchlorfenuronis is commonly used in horticulture to stimulate the growth of kiw
i fruit and grapes.
Definition
ChEBI: Forchlorfenuron is a member of the class of phenylureas that is urea substituted by a phenyl group and a 2-chloropyridin-4-yl group at positions 1 and 3 respectively. It is a plant growth regulator widely used in agriculture for improving fruit quality and fruit size. It has a role as a plant growth regulator. It is a member of phenylureas and a monochloropyridine.
Production Methods
Forchlorfenuron is commercially produced through a multi-step synthesis involving 2-chloro-4-aminopyridine and phenyl chloroformate. The production process begins by dissolving 2-chloro-4-aminopyridine and an acid-binding agent in a suitable solvent, such as acetone or acetonitrile. Phenyl chloroformate is then added to the mixture, which is heated and stirred to initiate the formation of 2-chloropyridine-4-carbamic acid phenyl ester. The reaction progress is monitored via liquid chromatography. Once complete, the mixture is distilled to isolate the ester, which is then filtered, dried, and washed to remove residual impurities.
Agricultural Uses
Plant growth regulator: Forchlorfenuron is as a plant growth regulator to promote cell division, and to improve the quality and the
yield of fruits, especially table grapes, grape raisins, and
kiwi fruit. In some parts of California, forchlorfenuron is
said to double the size of Thompson seedless grapes and
delay crop maturity up to several weeks.
widely used in agriculture on fruits to increase their size,
Trade name
CN-11-3183; KT-30®; SKW 20010
Mechanism of action
Absorbed by most plant parts and acts synergistically with natural auxins to promote cell division and growth
Potential Exposure
Phenylurea/substituted urea plant
growth regulator widely used in agriculture on fruits to
increase their size, to promote cell division, and to improve
the quality and the yield of fruits, especially table grapes,
grape raisins, and kiwi fruit. In some parts of California,
forchlorfenuron is reputed to double the size of Thompson
seedless grapes and delay crop maturity up to several
weeks.
Shipping
UN2767 Phenyl urea pesticides, solid, toxic,
Hazard Class: 6.1; Labels: 6.1-Poisonous materials.
Incompatibilities
May react with strong oxidizers such as
chlorates, peroxides, nitrates, etc. Dust may form explosive
mixture with air.
Waste Disposal
Containers must be disposed
of properly by following package label directions or by
contacting your local or federal environmental control
agency, or by contacting your regional EPA office. If this
material cannot be disposed of according to label instruc tions, it may be dissolved or mixed with a combustible sol vent and burned in a chemical incinerator equipped with an
afterburner and scrubber. In accordance with 40CFR165,
follow recommendations for the disposal of pesticides and
pesticide containers.
References
[1] QICONG HU Elias T S W James Nelson. Forchlorfenuron alters mammalian septin assembly, organization, and dynamics.[J]. The Journal of Biological Chemistry, 2008: 29563-29571. DOI:
10.1074/jbc.m804962200[2] BRADLEY S. DEMAY. Cellular requirements for the small molecule forchlorfenuron to stabilize the septin cytoskeleton†[J]. Cytoskeleton, 2010, 67 6: 383-399. DOI:
10.1002/cm.20452[3] ANITA A WASIK. Septin 7 forms a complex with CD2AP and nephrin and regulates glucose transporter trafficking.[J]. Molecular Biology of the Cell, 2012, 23 17: 3370-3379. DOI:
10.1091/mbc.e11-12-1010[4] DIKLA VARDI-OKNIN Nicola J M Maya Golan. Forchlorfenuron disrupts SEPT9_i1 filaments and inhibits HIF-1.[J]. PLoS ONE, 2013: e73179. DOI:
10.1371/journal.pone.0073179
Pesticide Type
Plant Growth Regulator
