Uses
Enoxacin-d8 (hydrochloride) is deuterium labeled Enoxacin. Enoxacin (AT 2266), a fluoroquinolone, interferes with DNA replication and inhibits bacterial DNA gyrase (IC50=126 μg/ml) and topoisomerase IV (IC50=26.5 μg/ml). Enoxacin is a miRNA processing activator and enhances siRNA-mediated mRNA degradation and promotes the biogenesis of endogenous miRNAs. Enoxacin has potent activities against gram-positive and -negative bacteria. Enoxacin is a cancer-specific growth inhibitor that acts by enhancing TAR RNA-binding protein 2 (TRBP)-mediated microRNA processing[1][2][3][4].
References
[1] Russak EM, et al. Impact of Deuterium Substitution on the Pharmacokinetics of Pharmaceuticals. Ann Pharmacother. 2019;53(2):211-216. DOI:
10.1177/1060028018797110[2] Sonia Melo, et al.Small molecule enoxacin is a cancer-specific growth inhibitor that acts by enhancing TAR RNA-binding protein 2-mediated microRNA processing. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2011 Mar 15;108(11):4394-9. DOI:
10.1073/pnas.1014720108[3] M Takei, et al. Target preference of 15 quinolones against Staphylococcus aureus, based on antibacterial activities and target inhibition. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2001 Dec;45(12):3544-7. DOI:
10.1128/AAC.45.12.3544-3547.2001[4] Ge Shan, et al. A small molecule enhances RNA interference and promotes microRNA processing. Nat Biotechnol. 2008 Aug;26(8):933-40. DOI:
10.1038/nbt.1481[5] Rengen Fan, et al. Small molecules with big roles in microRNA chemical biology and microRNA-targeted therapeutics. RNA Biol. 2019 Jun;16(6):707-718. DOI:
10.1080/15476286.2019.1593094[6] Chin, N.-X. and H.C. Neu, In vitro activity of enoxacin, a quinolone carboxylic acid, compared with those of norfloxacin, new beta-lactams, aminoglycosides, and trimethoprim. Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, 1983. 24(5): p. 754-763. DOI:
10.1128/AAC.24.5.754[7] A M CLARKE M E C S J Zemcov. In-vitro activity of pefloxacin compared to enoxacin, norfloxacin, gentamicin and new beta-lactams.[J]. Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, 1985, 15 1: 39-44. DOI:
10.1093/jac/15.1.39[8] M. OZAKI. In Vivo Evaluation of NM441, a New Thiazeto-Quinoline Derivative[J]. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, 1992, 36 1: 1170-1170. DOI:
10.1128/aac.36.5.1170-b[9] XUWEN LUO. Enoxacin inhibits proliferation and invasion of human osteosarcoma cells and reduces bone tumour volume in a murine xenograft model.[J]. Oncology Letters, 2020, 20 2: 1400-1408. DOI:
10.3892/ol.2020.11656
