Description
Nicaraven is an antioxidant that exhibits hydroxyl radical scavenging activity
in vitro. Nicaraven (1-3 mg/kg per min, i.v.) reduces occurrence of chronic cerebral vasospasms in a dose-dependent manner in a canine model of subarachnoid hemorrhage. In a canine model of warm hepatic ischemia and reperfusion injury, nicaraven (2 mg/kg per min, i.v.) reduces liver enzyme release and inhibits lipid peroxidation and neutrophil infiltration in the liver. Nicaraven (100 mg/kg per day, i.p.) also decreases plasma levels of the inflammatory cytokines Il-6 and Tnf-α and the urinary levels of 8-oxo-2''-deoxyguanosine, a marker of DNA oxidation, in a mouse model of radiation-induced injury.
Uses
Nicaraven is a novel chemically synthesized hydroxyl radical-specific scavenger.
in vivo
Nicaraven inhibits lipid peroxidation in the liver, improves hepatic and systemic hemodynamics and energy metabolism, and suppresses liver enzyme release, endothelin-1 elevation in hepatic venous blood, histologic damage, and neutrophil infiltration into the liver[1]. Nicaraven increases the number of c-kit(+) stem/progenitor cells in bone marrow and peripheral blood, with a recovery rate around 60-90% of age-matched non-irradiated healthy mice. The potency of colony forming from hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells as indicator of function is completely protected with nicaraven treatment[2]. Administration of nicaraven significantly increases the number, improves the colony-forming capacity, and decreases the DNA damage of hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells. The urinary levels of 8-oxo-2′-deoxyguanosine, a marker of DNA oxidation, are significantly lower in mice that are given nicaraven compared with those that receive a placebo. The administration of nicaraven significantly decreases the levels of the inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and TNF-α in the plasma of mice[3].
References
[1] Komiya T, et al. A novel free radical scavenger, nicaraven, inhibits human platelet aggregation in vitro. Clin Neuropharmacol. 1999 Jan-Feb;22(1):11-4. DOI:
10.1097/00002826-199901000-00003[2] Yokota R, et al. A novel hydroxyl radical scavenger, nicaraven, protects the liver from warm ischemia and reperfusion injury. Surgery. 2000 Jun;127(6):661-9. DOI:
10.1067/msy.2000.105864[3] Ali H, et al. The potential benefits of nicaraven to protect against radiation-induced injury in hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells with relative low dose exposures. DOI:
10.1016/j.bbrc.2014.08.112[4] Nicaraven attenuates radiation-induced injury in hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells in mice. PLoS One. 2013;8(3):e60023. DOI:
10.1371/journal.pone.0060023
