Uses
Menadione Nicotinamide Bisulfite is also known as Vitamin K3 and is one of 3 synthetic types of Vitamin K along with K4 and K5. Menadione nicotinamide bisulfite is also used as a nutritional supplement for both the prevention of vitamin K deficiency and as a source of supplemental niacin in poultry and swine. Federal regulation 21 CFR 573.625 states that this substance can be added to chicken and turkey feeds at a level not to exceed 2 g per ton of complete feed, and to growing and finishing swine feeds at a level not to exceed 10 g per ton of complete feed.
Biological Functions
Menadione nicotinamide bisulphite (MNB) is an animal feed supplement primarily employed to enhance the absorption and utilisation efficiency of nutrients in animal feed, thereby promoting animal growth and development. Additionally, MNB possesses certain immunomodulatory effects, improving animals' disease resistance, promoting the proliferation and differentiation of immune cells, and strengthening the body's immune function.
Synthesis
Stabilized vitamin K3 (MNB) was synthesized from menaquinone sodium bisulfite (MSB) and nicotinamide at room temperature. The factors affecting the reaction were examined, and the optimized reaction conditions obtained were: n(MSB): n(nicotinamide)=1:1.5, m(MSB): m(H2O)=1:4, and the reaction time was 2 h. The yield of MNB was greater than 96%, and the mass fraction was greater than 94%, which was verified experimentally to show that MNB had better stability than MSB.
