Aminopeptidase M

Chemical Properties

Red lyophilized powder, red-brown liquid or suspension, soluble in water, optimal pH 7.5-9.0.Stability: suspension of cattle containing magnesium sulfate or magnesium chloride as a stabilizer; 4 ℃, pH value of about 8 when stored for 6 months unchanged vitality; lyophilized powder can be stabilized at 4 ℃ for several months. Inhibitors include heavy metal ions, EDTA, citrate; activators include manganese chloride (3-4 mmol/L), Mg2+. Enzyme reaction: aminoacylated peptide + H2O═ amino acid + peptide.

Uses

Leucine Aminopeptidase, microsomal from porcine kidney has been used in aminopeptidase N (APN) inhibitor screening assay in adenocarcinoma cell line ES-2 and in the inhibition kinetic studies with APN inhibitor.

Uses

Transforming Growth Factor-β1 (TGF-β) human has been used :

• to study the expression of PDGFRB (Platelet derived growth factor receptor β) in association with transforming growth factor-β signaling.
• to stimulate lung fibrosis in human fetal lung fibroblast cell line in order to further measure the in-plane elasticity of live cell layers using a pressure sensor embedded microfluidic device.
• to study the effect of TGF-β on HTRA1 (high-temperature requirement A1)-affected Wnt target genes.

General Description

The biologically active form of TGF-β1 (transforming growth factor-β1 human) exists as a disulphide-linked homodimer. In mammals, three isoforms of TGF-β has been identified : TGF-β1, TGF-β2 and TGF-β3. TGF-β1 encodes a 25 kDa peptide. TGF-β1 precursor polypeptide is characterized with hydrophobic signal sequence, pro-region and mature peptide. Cleavage of the precursor at tetrabasic cleavage site results in monomers of carboxy-terminal 112 amino acids. The TGF-β1 gene is mapped to human chromosome 19q13.2.

Biochem/physiol Actions

TGF-β1 is produced by many cell types, but is reported to be most concentrated in mammalian platelets, where it is present at approximately four times the level of TGF-β2.