Description
(±)15-HEPE is a racemic mixture of the monohydroxy fatty acids 15(R)-HEPE and 15(S)-HEPE . 15(S)-HEPE is formed from EPA
via a 15(S)-HpEPE intermediate, which is produced by 15-lipoxygenase (15-LO) and reduced by glutathione peroxidase (GPX).
1,2 (±)15-HEPE is active against
P. acnes and
S. aureus (MICs = 128 and 512 mg/L, respectively).
3 It inhibits aggregation of isolated rat neutrophils induced by the formyl peptide receptor agonist fMLP (IC
50 = 4.7 μM).
4 Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) levels of (±)15-HEPE are increased in patients with allergic asthma or COVID-19.
5,6
References
1. Miller, C., Yamaguchi, R.Y., and Ziboh, V.A.
Guinea pig epidermis generates putative anti-inflammatory metabolites from fish oil polyunsaturated fatty acids Lipids 24(12),998-1003(1989).
2. Tan, L., Xin, X., Zhai, L., et al.
Drosophila fed ARA and EPA yields eicosanoids, 15S-hydroxy-5Z,8Z, 11Z, 13E-eicosatetraenoic acid, and 15S-hydroxy-5Z,8Z,11Z,13E,17Z-eicosapentaenoic acid Lipids 51(4),435-449(2016).
3. Desbois, A.P., and Lawlor, K.C.
Antibacterial activity of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids against Propionibacterium acnes and Staphylococcus aureus Mar. Drugs 11(11),4544-4557(2013).
4. Lam, B., Marcinkiewicz, E., and Wong, P.Y.-K.
Transformation of 15-hydroperoxyeicosapentaenoic acid into mono- and dihydroxyeicosapentaenoic acids by human platelets Drugs affecting leukotrienes and other eicosanoid pathways ,167-180(1985).
5. Lundstrm, S.L., Yang, J., Kllberg, H.J., et al.
Allergic asthmatics show divergent lipid mediator profiles from healthy controls both at baseline and following birch pollen provocation PLoS One 7(3),e33780(2012).
6. Archambault, A.-S., Zaid, Y., Rakotoarivelo, V., et al.
High levels of eicosanoids and docosanoids in the lungs of intubated COVID-19 patients FASEB J. 35(6),e21666(2021).
