Description
(R,S)-Anatabine is an alkaloid that has been found as a minor component in tobacco (Nicotiana).1 It is an agonist of α4β2 and α6/α3β2β4 subunit-containing nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs; EC50s = 6.1 and 3.6 µM, respectively). It is selective for α4β2 and α6/α3β2β4 subunit-containing nAChRs over α3β4 subunit-containing nAChRs and α7 nAChRs (EC50s = 70.6 and 158.5 µM, respectively).2 (R,S)-Anatabine stimulates dopamine, but not norepinephrine, release from isolated rat brain synaptosomes (EC50s = 1.76 and >100 µM, respectively). It increases the time spent at the top of the tank in a novel tank test, indicating anxiolytic-like activity, in zebrafish when used at a concentration of 10 mg/L. (R,S)-Anatabine (0.05 mg/ml in the drinking water) decreases disease severity in a mouse model of moderate, but not low or severe, experimental autoimmune thyroiditis induced by immunization with thyroglobulin, complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA), and M. tuberculosis.3 It decreases food and nicotine self-administration in monkeys (ED50s = 2.085 and 0.854 mg/kg, respectively).4 (R,S)-Anatabine has been used as a biomarker of tobacco use.5,6WARNING This product is not for human or veterinary use.
References
[1] W W WEEKS L P B. Alkaloid Changes in Tobacco Seeds during Germination.[J]. Plant Physiology, 1974, 53 1: 73-75. DOI:
10.1104/pp.53.1.73[2] OMAR ALIJEVIC. Differentiating the Neuropharmacological Properties of Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor-Activating Alkaloids.[J]. ACS Applied Energy Materials, 2022: 668065. DOI:
10.3389/fphar.2022.668065[3] PATRIZIO CATUREGLI. Anatabine ameliorates experimental autoimmune thyroiditis.[J]. Endocrinology, 2012, 153 9: 4580-4587. DOI:
10.1210/en.2012-1452[4] MELLO N, FIVEL P A, KOHUT S. Anatabine significantly decreases nicotine self-administration[C]. 1900: 0. DOI:
10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2014.02.411[5] P JACOB. Minor tobacco alkaloids as biomarkers for tobacco use: comparison of users of cigarettes, smokeless tobacco, cigars, and pipes.[J]. American journal of public health, 1999, 89 5: 731-736. DOI:
10.2105/ajph.89.5.731[6] SHARON E MURPHY. A comparison of urinary biomarkers of tobacco and carcinogen exposure in smokers.[J]. Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention, 2004, 13 10: 1617-1623.
