Benzoguanamine

Chemical Properties

white crystalline powder

Uses

In the manufacture of thermosetting resins, pesticides, pharmaceuticals and dyestuffs.

Application

Benzoguanamine is a multifunctional compound with applications in the following areas:
(1) Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs): A benzoguanamine-doped PVDF/KI/I₂ electrolyte was prepared via solution casting. The electrolyte membrane exhibited an ionic conductivity of 1.21 × 10⁻⁵ S cm⁻¹, demonstrating higher amorphous properties. This material can be further used to prepare DSSCs.
(2) Fluorescent sensors: Benzoguanamine dimers were used as novel fluorescent probes to detect mercury ions (Hg²⁺) in fish samples.
(3) Porous carbon materials: High-specific-surface-area porous carbon was prepared by carbonizing benzoguanamine polyacetal and activating it with KOH. This carbon exhibited excellent CO₂ trapping capacity (2.84 mmol/g at 273 K) and N₂ selectivity (39.6 at 273 K).
(4) Nanocatalysts: Nickel complexes based on benzoguanidine were used as highly efficient heterogeneous nanocatalysts. Various 2-phenyl-1H-benzo[d]imidazoles were synthesized by reacting o-phenylenediamine (PhenDA) with various aldehydes in chloroform under reflux conditions.

Preparation

Benzoguanamine closely resembles melamine in that reaction with formaldehyde gives methylol derivatives and then resinous condensates. Butylated benzoguanamine-formaldehyde resins have found some use in surface coatings. In a typical preparation, benzoguanamine (1 mole) is heated with formalin (3 mole formaldehyde) at pH 8.3 and 70-80°C until the guanamine has dissolved. n-Butanol (9 mole) and a small amount of hydrochloric acid are added and the azeotrope distilled off until removal of water is complete. Like their melamine counterparts, butylated benzoguanamine-formaldehyde resins are most commonly used in admixture with alkyd resins. The resulting coatings are very similar to those based on melamine but they show improved resistance to alkalis.

Flammability and Explosibility

Non flammable