Glucocorticoid
Triamcinolone acetonide acetate ，as a glucocorticoid drug, is white or almost white crystalline powder, which is odorless and bitter taste. It is slightly soluble in water, ethanol and acetone and soluble in chloroform. It is currently a long-acting glucocorticoid drug widely used in our dermatology clinical application, also known as Block technique, triamcinolone acetonide, Connor music cream and Conor-A. It belongs to adrenocortical hormones drugs and s from the triamcinolone. The effects of glucocorticoid triamcinolone acetonide acetate, similar to the role of triamcinolone, includes anti-inflammatory, anti-allergic, anti-itching and contracting capillaries. The role of its water and sodium retention is weak, while the anti-Inflammatory and anti-allergic effects are stronger and more durable than hydrocortisone (10 to 30 times) and prednisone. Its application in aerosol inhalation treatment of bronchial asthma is strong and lasting. The local curative effect is better than the triamcinolone. Oral is easy to absorb. Oral administration is 5mg and the bioavailability is about 23%. Its plasma concentration reaches the peak value of 105mg/ml after 1 hour, with a half-life of 2 hours. The intramuscular injection has a slow absorption process, and its effects begin within a few hours, reach to the maximum after 1 or 2 days and last about 2 or 3 weeks; the intradermal and intra-articular injection of this drug has slow-absorption and lasting-effects and the general effects of one injection can be maintained for 1 to 2 weeks or more. This drug binds with plasma albumin less, metabolizes into non-active metabolites in the liver, kidney and tissue and finally is excreted by the kidneys. Local injection can also have a lasting effect, as well as ointment topical.
Clinically, the triamcinolone acetonide is mainly used for the treatment of various skin diseases such as atopic dermatitis, contact dermatitis, seborrheic dermatitis, neurodermatitis, eczema, psoriasis, psoriasis, lichen planus and other skin diseases and skin pruritus, as well as many infectious diseases including bronchial asthma, rheumatoid arthritis, acute sprain, chronic low back pain, scapulohumeral periarthritis, tenosynovitis, eye inflammation, oral mucosal hyperemia, erosions, ulcers, granulomatous cheilitis and oral mucosa. It can also be used in the local injection of some small area damages like keloid, cystic acne, discoid lupus erythematosus and alopecia areata. Triamcinolone acetonide acetate nasal spray can be used for the prevention and treatment of perennial and seasonal allergic rhinitis and vasomotor rhinitis. Its intra-articular injection can eliminate inflammation and relieve the pain, swelling or stiffness felling.
Chemical Properties
White Solid
The IUPAC of Triamcinolone acetonide 21-acetate is (11β,16α)-21-(Acetyloxy)-9-fluoro-11-hydroxy-16,17-[(1-methylethylidene)bis(oxy)]-pregna-1,4-diene-3,20-dione.
Uses
Triamcinolone acetonide 21-acetate is derivative of Triamcinolone Acetonide, a glucocorticoid, antiasthmatic (inhalant).It also can be used for eczema and dermatitis and is currently a long-acting glucocorticoid drug widely applied in the dermatology clinical application of China.
Biological Functions
Triamcinolone acetonide 21-acetate this product is an adrenal cortex hormone drug. There the multiple pharmacological effects such as antiinflammatory, antiallergic, and Immunosuppression. (1) antiinflammatory action: glucocorticoid alleviates and prevents tissue from the reaction of inflammation, thus the performance reduces inflammation. (2) immunosuppressive action: prevent or the immunoreaction of T suppression cell intermediary, the anaphylaxis of retardance, and alleviate and formerly send out expansion immunoreactive. (3) antitoxin, Antishock function: glucocorticoid to the irritant reaction of Nnti-Bacterial endotoxin to the body, can alleviate cell injury, plays the effect of protection body.
Mode of action
Triamcinolone acetonide is a glucocorticoid anti-inflammatory drug. Anti-inflammatory effects are complex, but they are primarily via inhibition of inflammatory cells and suppression of expression of inflammatory mediators. Some older references indicate that triamcinolone (not triamcinolone acetonide) has potency that is approximately equal to methylprednisolone (about 5 times cortisol and 1.25 times prednisolone). However, triamcinolone acetonide, has a different structure than triamcinolone, and is much more potent. This potency is 6–7 times that of prednisolone and slightly more potent than dexamethasone. Most veterinary dermatologists have observed that triamcinolone acetonide is approximately 6–10 times more potent than prednisolone.
