Description
2,4-
Pyridinedicarboxylic Acid (2,4-
PDCA) is a compound that structurally mimics 2-
oxoglutarate (2-
OG, also known as α-
ketoglutarate) and chelates zinc, thus affecting a range of enzymes. As a 2-
OG mimic, it blocks the activity of 2-
OG oxygenases, which include certain lysine demethylases and a variety of hydroxylases (
e.g., prolyl, collagen, lysyl). 2,4-
PDCA inhibits several Jumonji domain-
containing lysine demethylases when used at low micromolar concentrations. Through its effects on hydroxylases, including prolyl hydroxlase 1 (IC
50 = 1.5 μM), 2,4-
PDCA modulates hypoxia-inducible factor turnover, collagen synthesis, and plant cell wall formation. It can inhibit zinc-
dependent enzymes, like metallo-
β-
lactamase. 2,4-
PDCA also affects and is translocated by organic anion transporters.
