Description
Dorsomorphin (866405-64-3) is a potent, selective and ATP-competitive inhibitor of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) (Ki = 109 nM).1 It displays no significant inhibition of ZAPK, SYK, PKCT, PKA and JAK3. It inhibits bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) type I receptors (ALK2, ALK3 and ALK6).2 Dorsomorphin has been shown to promote cardiomyogenesis in mouse embryonic stem cells (ESCs) in vitro.3 Dorsomorphin also induces autophagy in cancer cell lines via a mechanism independent of AMPK inhibition.4
Uses
A potent inhibitor of AMPK and fatty acid biosynthesis.
Uses
Dorsomorphin has been used:
- as an inhibitor of adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) to find the effects of trans-resveratrol on lipid mobilization in 3T3-L1 (a murine cell line of adipocytes) cells
- as an AMPK inhibitor, to indicate the involvement of AMPK/mTOR (mammalian target of rapamycin) pathway in LRG (liraglutide) -induced autophagy
- in the induction step, employed in in vitro differentiation of Friedreich′s ataxia (FRDA) and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) to neurospheres and neurons using ES (embryonic stem cell) media
Definition
ChEBI: A pyrazolopyrimidine that is pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine which is substituted at positions 3 and 6 by pyridin-4-yl and p-[2-(piperidin-1-yl)ethoxy]phenyl groups, respectively. It is a potent, selective, reversible, and ATP-competiti
e inhibitor of AMPK (AMP-activated protein kinase, EC 2.7.11.31) and a selective inhibitor of bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling.
General Description
A cell-permeable pyrrazolopyrimidine compound that inhibits against KDR/VEGFR2, ALK2/BMPR-I, AMPK kinase activity (IC
50 = 25.1, 148, and 234.6 nM, respectively), while exhibiting much reduced or little effect toward ALK5/TGFβR-I, ZAPK, Syk, PKCθ, PKA, or JAK3. Shown to block both BMP pathway-dependent dorsoventral development (EC
100 = 2.5 μM) and VEGF signaling-dependent intersomitic vessel formation (EC
50 = 5 μM) in zebrafish embryo
in vivo. Commonly used in combination with AMPK activators AICAR (Cat. No.
123040) and/or Metformin (Cat. No.
317240) for studying AMPK-dependent cellular events
in vitro and physiological responses in animals
in vivo.
Biological Activity
Potent and selective inhibitor of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) (K i = 109 nM). Displays no significant activity on several structurally related kinases including ZAPK, SYK, PKC θ , PKA and JAK3. Inhibits AMPK activation induced by AICAR and metformin. Also inhibits bone morphogenic protein (BMP) type I receptors (ALK2, ALK3 and ALK6). Promotes cardiomyogenesis in mouse embryonic stem cells (ESCs) in vitro .
Biochem/physiol Actions
Target IC50: 25.1, 148, and 234.6 nM, against KDR/VEGFR2, ALK2/BMPR-I, AMPK kinase activity, respectively
References
1) Zhou et al. (2001) Role of AMP-activated protein kinase in mechanism of metformin action; J. Clin. Invest. 108 1167
2) Yu et al. (2008) Dorsomorphin inhibits BMP signals required for embryogenesis and iron metabolism; Nat. Chem. Biol. 4 33
3) Hao et al. (2008) Dorsomorphin, a selective small molecule inhibitor of BMP signaling, promotes cardiomyogenesis in embryonic stem cells; PLoS ONE, 3 2904
4) Vucicevic et al. (2011) Compound C induces protective autophagy in cancer cells through AMPK inhibition-independent blockade of Akt/mTOR pathway; Autophagy 7 40
