腺苷5'-二磷酸核糖钠

TRPM2 channel
Autophagy

In mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs), H ₂ O ₂ treatment demonstrates that the activation of poly(ADP-ribose) (PAR) polymerase-1 (PARP-1) produced Adenosine 5′-diphosphoribose (ADP ribose), which is an activating signal for TRPM2 channels, thereby promoting Ca ²⁺ elevation through extracellular Ca ²⁺ influx and (or) lysosomal Ca ²⁺ release. This process eventually activates early or late autophagy in response to different degrees of oxidative stress.
TRPM2 channels are activated by binding of Adenosine 5′-diphosphoribose (ADP ribose) to the intracellular NUDT9-homology (NUDT9-H) domain unique to TRPM2 and located at its C terminus. In addition to ADPR, intracellular Ca ²⁺ is an essential coactivator: TRPM2 channels open only in the combined presence of both ligands.