叫棒曲霉素

Patulin (PAT), a mycotoxin produced by certain species of Penicillium, Aspergillus, and Byssochlamys, is mainly found in ripe apple and apple products. glutathione in Hep G2 cells. Patulin is an antibiotic. Patulin-induced nephropathy and gastrointestinal tract malfunction have been demonstrated in several animal models. The oral LD50 value of patul in ranges between 29 and 55 mg/kg body weight in rodents and 170 mg/kg body weight in poultry. The World Health Organization considers patulin cytotoxic and established a safety level of patulin in ap ple juice at 50 μM. At 100-200 μM, patulin can directly increase intracellular oxidative stress in HEK293 and HL-60 cells. In 1944, this compound was tested in a clinical trial for potential antibiot ic properties to treat the common cold.