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4-hydroxy Alternariol is a metabolite of the mycotoxin alternariol formed through cytochrome P450 (CYP450) metabolism. It increases reactive oxygen species (ROS) in KYSE510 human esophageal cells by 701% compared to control. 4-hydroxy Alternariol increases topoisomerase IIβ-DNA complexes by 208% compared to control in an ICE assay but does not induce DNA damage in KYSE510 cells. It completely inhibits topoisomerase IIα activity at a concentration of 25 μM under cell-free conditions.

4-Hydroxy Alternariol is a derivative of Alternariol (A575760). Alternariol is an alternaria mycotoxin and genotoxin, found in common edible crops. It inhibits the activity of various DNA-topoisomerases, increasing the rate of DNA strand breaks.

4-Hydroxyalternariol is the fully demethylated tetraphenol analogue of the benzopyranone graphislactones. Hydroxyalternariol was isolated as a major co-metabolite of a graphislactone A-producing fungus. Hydroxyalternariol has not previously been available for study and no bioactivity has been reported to date.

[1] E PFEIFFER. Activities of human recombinant cytochrome P450 isoforms and human hepatic microsomes for the hydroxylation ofAlternaria toxins.[J]. Mycotoxin Research, 2008, 24 3: 117-123. DOI: 10.1007/bf03032337
[2] CHRISTINE TIESSEN. Impact of phase I metabolism on uptake, oxidative stress and genotoxicity of the emerging mycotoxin alternariol and its monomethyl ether in esophageal cells[J]. Archives of Toxicology, 2016, 91 3: 1213-1226. DOI: 10.1007/s00204-016-1801-0