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Elamipretide, also known as MTP 131, is a mitochondria-targeted peptide antioxidant. Elamipretide decreases inflammation and protect against a variety of neurological illnesses. Elamipretide (SS-31) improves mitochondrial dysfunction, synaptic and memory impairment induced by lipopolysaccharide in mice. Elamipretide Promotes Mitophagosome Formation and Prevents Its Reduction Induced by Nutrient Excess in INS1 β-cells.

D-Arginyl-2,6-dimethyl-L-tyrosyl-L-lysyl-L-phenylalaninamide-d5 Trifluoroacetic Acid Salt is labelled D-Arginyl-2,6-dimethyl-L-tyrosyl-L-lysyl-L-phenylalaninamide (A769700) which is a mitochondrial-targeted compound that re-energizes ischemic mitochondria by interacting with cardiolipin. It is a cell-permeable antioxidant peptide.

Elamipretide can inhibit the production of pathogenic ROS (reactive oxygen species) and restore mitochondrial ATP synthesis. Currently, the most accepted mechanism for these two actions is the direct interaction between Elamipretide and cardiolipin.

Side effects of elamipretide include:
Mild redness or itching at the injection site
Headache
Dizziness