542-42-7

white or pale yellow powder(s); used for waterproofing, as a thickener for lubricating oils [HAW93] [MER06]

Thickening lubricating oils; waterproofing fabrics and lubricating greases; as corrosion inhibitor in halohydrocarbons.

Saturated fatty acids are synthesized by both plants and animals from acetyl coenzyme A as a form of long-term energy storage. Saturated fatty acids are synthesized by both plants and animals from acetyl coenzyme A as a form of long-term energy storage. Palmitic acid is a common 16-carbon saturated fat that represents 10-20% of the normal dietary fat intake. Palmitic acid also makes up approximately 25% of the total plasma fatty acids in plasma lipoproteins. Saturated free fatty acids induce the expression of cyclooxygenase 2, and after protein acylation, are used to confer lipid anchoring to a variety of signaling molecules. Palmitate is the salt (in this case calcium) of palmitic acid. It is this anion that is observed at physiological pH. Calcium palmitate is one of the major components of gallstones.

Human Endogenous Metabolite

[1] J. LEE. Saturated Fatty Acids, but Not Unsaturated Fatty Acids, Induce the Expression of Cyclooxygenase-2 Mediated through Toll-like Receptor 4*[J]. The Journal of Biological Chemistry, 2001, 34 1: 16683-16689. DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m011695200
[2] D J DIETZEN  D M L  W R Hastings. Caveolin is palmitoylated on multiple cysteine residues. Palmitoylation is not necessary for localization of caveolin to caveolae.[J]. The Journal of Biological Chemistry, 1995, 270 12: 6838-6842. DOI: 10.1074/jbc.270.12.6838
[3] L J ROBINSON  T M. Mutagenesis of palmitoylation sites in endothelial nitric oxide synthase identifies a novel motif for dual acylation and subcellular targeting.[J]. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 1995, 92 25: 11776-11780. DOI: 10.1073/pnas.92.25.11776
[4] J R TOPINKA  D S B. N-terminal palmitoylation of PSD-95 regulates association with cell membranes and interaction with K+ channel Kv1.4.[J]. Neuron, 1998, 20 1: 125-134. DOI: 10.1016/s0896-6273(00)80440-7
[5] SINEAD M MIGGIN  B T K  Orlaith A Lawler. Palmitoylation of the human prostacyclin receptor. Functional implications of palmitoylation and isoprenylation.[J]. The Journal of Biological Chemistry, 2003, 278 9: 6947-6958. DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m210637200