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4-Hydroxy-thalidomide is the Thalidomide-based Cereblon ligand used in the recruitment of CRBN protein. It can be connected to the ligand for protein by a linker to form PROTACs.

2-(2,6-Dioxopiperidin-3-yl)-4-hydroxyisoindoline-1,3-dione is an intermediate for the synthesis of dTAG-13 (D710020), which is a degradation tag which was tested for its efficiency at depleting FKBP12F36V -MELK(sg3R) and was found to have significantly degraded FKBP12F36V -MELK(sg3R) within 4 hours.Used in the study of cancer research.

Thalidomide hydroxylation can occur on glutarimide or phthalimide rings to yield metabolites of 4-hydroxy thalidomide. Interestingly, only metabolites phthaloyl glutamic acid and 4-hydroxy thalidomide have been tested for their anti-angiogenic activities. Hydroxylation of thalidomide on the C4-position of the phthalimide ring (4-hydroxy thalidomide) led to a weakly anti-angiogenic compound. 4-hydroxy thalidomide was not active in the CAM assay but was one of the most active compounds against HUVEC proliferation[1].

[1] M. G. Marks. “Effects of putative hydroxylated thalidomide metabolites on blood vessel density in the chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay and on tumor and endothelial cell proliferation.” Biological & pharmaceutical bulletin 356 1 (2002): 597–604.