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• Background

  The value of the sugar acids and their soluble salts and lactones as sequestering or chelating agents for metal ions, particularly in alkaline solutions, has been recognized for many years. These materials have been used industrially in alkaline de-rusting processes, bottle washing, descaling, for the prevention of iron-staining in paper making, and in the processing of cotton and other textiles, among numerous other applications which could be mentioned. Soil gluconates, particularly sodium gluconate, have become the most widespread use for these purposes, primarily because of their availability and relatively low cost. Kiliani prepared sodium glucoheptonate as early as 1886 by the reaction of hydrocyanic acid with glucose in an aqueous solution, and many modified methods for the preparation of the valuable salt have been suggested. However, it is available only in highly coloured amber to red or red-brown solutions. Such highly colored sequestering agents are unsuitable in many applications in the paper, textile and pharmaceutical industries.;

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