Originator
Armanor ,Les Laboratoires Servier
Uses
Respiratory stimulant.
Definition
ChEBI: A triamino-1,3,5-triazine compound having allylamino substituents at the 2- and 4-positions and a 4-(bis(p-fluorophenyl)methyl)-1-piperazinyl group at the 6-position.
Manufacturing Process
A solution of 4,6-bis(allylamino)-2-chloro-s-triazine, melting point 204°C (Kofler) and dihydrochloride of 1-p,p'-difluorobenzhydryl piperazine, melting
point 178°-180°C (capillary) in anhydrous dimethylformamide are heated
under reflux. On completion of this operation the solvent is removed under
vacuum and the residue taken up in a mixture of chloroform and of water
(1:1). The organic phase is separated, and repeatedly extracted with aqueous
N-methanesulphonic acid and the aqueous acidic layers separated. The
aforementioned acidic solutions are then combined and rendered alkaline (pH
10) with dilute aqueous sodium hydroxide, the base extracted with ether, the
extract dried over anhydrous potassium carbonate, and filtered. The etheral
filtrate, upon evaporation yields the 2,4-bis(allylamino)-6-(4-(bis(pfluorophenyl)
methyl)-1-piperazinyl)-s-triazine, melting point 175°-180°C.
Brand name
Vectarion (Oril S.A., France).
Therapeutic Function
Respiratory stimulant
World Health Organization (WHO)
Peripheral neuropathy has been reported in a few patients
receiving almitrine for long periods. The indications for treatment have consequently been restricted in the Federal Republic of Germany. Some other
countries have advised doctors to maintain patients under close supervision
throughout treatment and to restrict dosage to two out of every three months.
Pharmacology
Almitrine, like doxapram, increases the rate and depth of respiration. In addition, it is
believed that it redistributes pulmonary blood circulation, increasing it in alveoli, which
leads to relatively better pulmonary ventilation. It has a more prolonged effect than
doxapram.
Safety Profile
Poison by intraperitoneal andintravenous routes. When heated to decomposition itemits very toxic fumes of F?? and NOx.
Synthesis
Almitrine, 2,4-bis (allylamino)-6-[4-[bis-(p-fluorophenyl)methyl]-1-piperazinyl]-s-triazine (8.2.6), is synthesized by reacting 1-[bis-(p-fluorophenyl)methyl]piperazine with cyanuric chloride, which gives 2,4-dichloro-6-[4-[bis-(p-fluorophenyl)
methyl]-1-piperazinyl]-s-trazine (8.2.5). Reacting this with allylamine gives almitrine
(8.2.6) [19¨C22].
