Chemical Properties
White Solid
Originator
Yamanouchi (Japan)
Uses
Muscarinic M3 receptor antagoinst. Used in treatment of urinary incontinence.
Uses
Solifenacin succinate is a urinary antispasmodic of the antimuscarinic class.
Definition
ChEBI: Solifenacin succinate is a member of isoquinolines.
Brand name
Vesicare (Astellas).
General Description
Solifenacin succinate (Vesicare),(+)-(1S, 3'R)-quinuclidin-3'-yl 1-phenyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline-2-carboxylate, is a competative antagonistfor M1, M2, and M3 receptor subtypes. One of the issues surroundingthe use of such antagonists is the selectivity for thebladder over other tissue such as the salivary glands. It isreported that the selectivity of solifenacin for bladder muscarinicreceptors over salivary receptors is superior to theeffects observed with oxybutynin.
Clinical Use
Selective M3
antimuscarinic
Symptomatic treatment of urge incontinence and/or
increased urinary frequency and urgency
in vitro
in radioligand receptor binding assay, the kivalues of solifenacin for human muscarinic m1, m2, m3, m4and m5receptors were 26, 170, 12, 110 and 31 nm, respectively. in isolated rat urinary bladder, solifenacin competitively antagonized carbachol-induced contractions, with a pa2value of 7.44±0.09[3].in bladder smooth muscle cells and salivary gland cells isolated from rats, solifenacin and the other antimuscarinic drugs inhibited carbachol-induced increases in intracellular ca2+levels in a concentration-dependent manner. thepki was 8.12for bladder smooth muscle cells, 3.6-fold more potent than that for salivary gland cells (pki=7.57) [1].
in vivo
in anesthetized rats, solifenacin dose-dependently inhibited carbachol-induced intravesical pressure elevation and salivary secretion, and exhibited selectivity (3.7- to 6.5-fold) for urinary bladder over salivary gland [1]. in anesthetized rats, solifenacin and oxybutynin increased the maximum bladder capacity in a dose-dependent manner and also decreased the maximum intravesical pressure [3].in healthy young men, multidose study evaluated doses. in the single-dose of solifenacin succinate (5-, 10-, 20-, and 30-mg), mean time to maximal concentration and elimination half-life ranged from 3.3 to 4.8 and from 40.2 to 57.6 hours, respectively.in the multidose study, the ranges were 2.9 to 5.8 and 45.0 to 64.8, respectively. the single-dose administration was well tolerated. the common adverse events were dry mouth, blurred vision, and headache [4].
Drug interactions
Potentially hazardous interactions with other drugs
Avoid if GFR<30 mL/min if also taking
itraconazole, ketoconazole or ritonavir.
Anti-arrhythmics: increased risk of antimuscarinic
side effects with disopyramide.
Metabolism
Extensively metabolised in the liver, mainly by the
cytochrome P450 isoenzyme CYP3A4 and is excreted
mainly as metabolites in urine and faeces.
References
[1]. ohtake a, ukai m, hatanaka t, et al. in vitro and in vivo tissue selectivity profile of solifenacin succinate (ym905) for urinary bladder over salivary gland in rats[j]. european journal of pharmacology, 2004, 492(2): 243-250.
[2]. yang j, williams j a, yule d i, et al. mutation of carboxyl-terminal threonine residues in human m3 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor modulates the extent of sequestration and desensitization[j]. molecular pharmacology, 1995, 48(3): 477-485.
[3]. ohtake a, saitoh c, yuyama h, et al. pharmacological characterization of a new antimuscarinic agent, solifenacin succinate, in comparison with other antimuscarinic agents[j]. biological and pharmaceutical bulletin, 2007, 30(1): 54-58.
[4]. smulders r a, krauwinkel w j, swart p j, et al. pharmacokinetics and safety of solifenacin succinate in healthy young men[j]. the journal of clinical pharmacology, 2004, 44(9): 1023-1033.
[5]. cardozo l, lisec m, millard r, et al. randomized, double-blind placebo controlled trial of the once daily antimuscarinic agent solifenacin succinate in patients with overactive bladder[j]. the journal of urology, 2004, 172(5): 1919-1924.
