Definition
ChEBI: A xanthene dye that is fluoran carrying four hydroxy substituents at positions 3', 4', 5' and 6'.
Biological Activity
Inhibitor of G protein β γ subunit-dependent signaling. Blocks PI 3-kinase and Rac1 activation in HL60 cells and chemotaxis in HL60 differentiated cells.
Chemical Properties
Those containing 1.5 molecules of water of crystallization appear as brown-red crystals or powder. Those without water of crystallization are greenish-yellow. They lose their water of crystallization at approximately 180°C, turn black above 180°C, and remain insoluble even at 300°C. They are soluble in alcohol, acetone, and dilute alkaline solutions, slightly soluble in ether, and practically insoluble in water, benzene, and chloroform. They appear yellow in strongly acidic media, rose-red in slightly acidic media, lavender in neutral media, and purple to yellow in strongly alkaline media.
Uses
Gallein inhibits neutrophil chemotaxis and inflammation, via the disruption of G protein βγ subunit signaling.
Preparation
3,4,5-Trihydroxybenzoic acid or Benzene-1,2,3-triol?and Phthalic anhydride?in 190 ~ 200 ℃ reaction (namely GALLEIN), and then into sodium salt namely Alizarine Violet.
storage
4°C, protect from light
Properties and Applications
blue light purple. Free acid soluble in hot water for the big red, soluble in hot ethanol for red light brown. In concentrated sulfuric acid to red light yellow, after dilution with fluorescence red yellow precipitation. Dye aqueous solution to join sodium hydroxide as blue.
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Standard
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Ironing Fastness
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Light Fastness
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Fulling
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Persperation Fastness
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Soaping
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Water
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Alkali
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Acid
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ISO
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4-5
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4
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4
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5
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4
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5
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AATCC
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5
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4-5
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5
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5
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5
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